production capacities of humanity and deduces from it
1:28
the the existence of social classes which are
1:30
in struggle for their own and
1:32
distinct interests of which one is in power and
1:35
dominates the others by means of State
1:38
with their police their army their justice
1:40
their laws their
1:41
propaganda secondly Marxism
1:44
shows that this struggle of class opposes
1:46
today and since the end of
1:48
the feudal era and on an
1:50
international scale those who must live
1:52
to work, therefore the workers
1:54
on the one hand and those who do not need
1:57
to work on the other hand since their
1:58
political domination
2:00
their guarantee of being able to live from what
2:03
the fact of being
2:04
the owner of the means of production brings them
2:07
therefore having accumulated capital they
2:09
are the capitalists and thirdly
2:12
Marxism shows that this
2:14
class struggle is the engine of history and
2:16
that in this struggle Marxism is
2:18
not neutral it puts its method of analysis
2:21
at the service of the working class
2:24
to abolish not only the possibility
2:26
that a minority can live by
2:28
exploiting it
2:30
but also quite simply to abolish
2:32
the march the barbarism which is currently taking place
2:34
before our eyes,
2:36
capitalism offering no other future
2:38
to humanity than crises and
2:40
wars when Trotsky writes in defense
2:43
of Marxism so between 1937 and
2:48
1939 he does so to contribute to the
2:50
settlement of disagreement within a
2:53
section of the 4th International that
2:54
of the United States of America and he
2:56
intervenes to defend Marxism
2:58
not only as a way
3:00
of approaching problems but to
3:02
defend their practical consequences,
3:04
first and foremost the conquests of
3:06
the October Revolution of 1917 in
3:09
Russia the first measure taken by the
3:11
Bolsheviks following the
3:13
October Revolution was peace then came the
3:16
right of peoples to self-determination
3:18
the abolition of large property
3:19
agrarian and the handing over of land to the
3:21
peasants industrial enterprises with
3:23
more than 5 employees are placed under
3:25
workers' control all the assets and
3:28
shares of the banks are confiscated is
3:29
put at the service of the people the inequality
3:32
between men and women which was
3:33
enshrined in the law is abolished the right
3:36
to abortion is established
3:38
night work for women is prohibited
3:39
child labor becomes illegal
3:41
higher education is open to
3:43
all young people without restriction et
3:45
cetera these hundreds of measures which
3:48
were taken more than 100 years
3:50
are they still relevant
3:53
today unfortunately yes that is
3:56
why the defense of Marxism at
3:58
the end of the 30s as now
4:00
remains central the defense of Marxism
4:03
is therefore first of all the defense of a
4:05
conception of the world based on the interest
4:07
of the greatest number, therefore of the
4:09
workers who everywhere are threatened,
4:11
if not by military war, at least
4:14
by social war. This point of view
4:16
contrasts with that of the small number of
4:18
profiteers for whom, uh, all the
4:21
indicators are at odds. melts into the green
4:22
eh without a bad pun since the
4:24
stock markets as you have seen are breaking
4:26
all records at the moment to create a
4:28
diversion the adversaries of Marxism
4:31
have a reflex objection Stalinism
4:35
named after Stalin which will gradually
4:37
seize power in the USSR and from the
4:39
end of the 1920s transformed the
4:42
Soviet regime into a personal dictatorship
4:43
but not just any
4:45
dictatorship. Stalin had
4:47
his opponents massacred en masse, including
4:49
almost all of the
4:51
Bolshevik leaders who took part in the
4:52
October Revolution, he claims. base
4:54
its policy on the theory of
4:56
socialism in a single country while
4:58
Marxism based on the analysis of a
5:00
globalized economy characterized the
5:03
struggle of workers for their
5:04
emancipation as
5:06
international in his book Trotsky
5:08
explains how this lie this
5:10
negation of Marxism has able to settle
5:13
and live in a country that was not very developed
5:15
economically, whose population
5:17
was essentially peasant and therefore not very
5:20
working-class, and which emerged devastated from the
5:22
First World War and the
5:24
civil war against the revolutionary Trotsky
5:27
demonstrates how Stalin's policy
5:29
will increase the capitalist pressure
5:31
encircling the young workers state born from
5:34
the victory of the workers who
5:35
expropriated the capitalists on this
5:38
territory in 1917 but deprived of the support
5:41
of the German revolution crushed in
5:44
blood in 1919 and overall deprived of the
5:47
support of a major part of the
5:48
workers' movement organized at the time
5:51
within the framework of the 2nd international
5:54
let us recall that the main sections
5:56
of this 2nd international the
5:57
social democratic parties in particular
5:59
French and German betrayed their
6:01
congress position by voting for
6:03
war credits in 1914 and therefore
6:06
accepted the National Union, that is to say
6:08
submission to their
6:10
bourgeois government and therefore accepted the
6:12
renunciation of the revolution we will have to
6:14
return to this topical question
6:17
Trotsky recalls the position which was
6:19
that of the 2nd international before its
6:21
bankruptcy and which is today that of
6:22
the 4th International I cite in all
6:25
imperialist countries the
6:27
proletarian parties must in time of war
6:29
develop the class struggle in order to
6:31
seize
6:33
power while the 3rd
6:35
International was founded in the The momentum
6:37
of the October Revolution to remedy
6:39
the bankruptcy of the 2nd Stalinist regime will
6:42
make it a courteous transmission of his
6:43
regime transforming the
6:45
communist parties around the world into agencies of
6:47
the Kremelin bureaucracy opposing
6:49
the revolutionary movement, particularly
6:52
in France where they will counter the
6:55
revolutionary movement which was based
6:57
which could have relied on the front of the
6:59
workers' parties the common front PSPC by
7:02
replacing it with the Popular Front
7:04
forcing the alliance with a
7:05
centrist party therefore bourgeois but also in
7:08
Spain facilitating the victory by Franco
7:11
and of course in Germany, facilitating
7:12
Hitler's rise to power and
7:14
generally preparing the conditions for
7:16
the Second World War. I invited
7:18
those who had not seen it to
7:19
watch the
7:21
Pierre Lambert study session. dedicated to the history
7:22
of internationals, it is in this
7:24
situation that Trotsksky wrote his book
7:26
on the eve of the Second
7:28
World War to defend Marxism as
7:30
a compass for the concrete action of
7:32
workers to defend the achievements of
7:35
the Russian Revolution against
7:37
precisely those who betrayed him he did so
7:40
in difficult conditions both from the
7:42
point of view of the situation of
7:43
workers all over the world and
7:45
included in the USSR as well as from his own
7:49
personal situation his family was
7:51
persecuted his two sons were
7:52
murdered and he himself will be assassinated
7:55
by a Stalinist agent in 1940 but he
7:57
fights to defend the achievements of Cte on
7:59
behalf of all the workers of the
8:01
whole world he writes to arm the young
8:04
generations of this reflection with an
8:06
organization the 4th international founded
8:09
in 1938 to perpetuate the achievements of the
8:11
Russian Revolution and generalize them on
8:14
a
8:15
global scale Stalin will dissolve the 3rd
8:18
International in 1943 to send a
8:20
signal of détente to the
8:22
capitalist powers of the time, notably the
8:24
United States of America and the United Kingdom
8:26
and in 1947 I specified that he supported
8:29
the creation of the State of Israel that he
8:31
had the UN vote for the partition of
8:33
Palestine which he had voted in 1948
8:36
against resolution 184 evoking the
8:38
right of return of
8:40
Palestinian refugees and he will support the
8:43
Zionist armed forces from their first
8:45
attempt to expand the Israeli state
8:48
against the historic positions of the
8:49
Bolsheviks who in 1917 had abolished
8:52
tsarist anti-Semitic discrimination
8:55
so no Stalinism is not the
8:57
fruit of Marxism it is on the contrary
8:59
the liquidation not only of
9:01
ideas but also of the achievements of
9:04
people and objectives Trotsky in
9:07
his book explaining
9:11
that the first priority for
9:13
Marxists is the increase in the
9:15
capacity of workers to defend
9:17
their conquests and achieve
9:19
new ones indicates that Stalin's policy
9:21
is I cite the main
9:23
obstacle on the path to
9:25
international revolution then those who declare
9:28
that we must abandon uh today
9:30
the objective of putting an end to
9:31
capitalism with its crises and its
9:33
wars under the pretext that Stalinism
9:35
would be a product of Marxism well it
9:37
actually capitulates to Stalinism
9:40
and while condemning it they admit it
9:42
just as they admit capitalism
9:44
as an unsurpassable horizon to which we
9:46
would be obliged to adapt quite
9:47
simply because we do not could not
9:48
do
9:49
otherwise Stalin died in 1953 but the
9:52
bureaucracy of which he was the champion
9:54
will persist it will continue to use
9:57
the same political means which like
9:59
the Trotskys I quote prepares
10:00
the general collapse of
10:02
Soviet society and therefore the restoration of
10:04
private property of the means of
10:05
production in the USSR Trotsky explains it
10:08
in his book either an
10:11
internal political revolution in the USSR will drive out the
10:14
parasitic bureaucracy
10:16
or the restoration of capitalism
10:18
will be the final consequence of this
10:20
parasitism, this is what happened in
10:23
1991 with the support outside the USSR
10:26
of all the socialist parties allied
10:28
to the bourgeois government the
10:30
Stalinist bureaucracy then
10:32
turned into mafia oligarchs plundering the
10:35
wealth of the former
10:36
socialist republics Putin in Russia and
10:39
Zelensky in Ukraine are
10:41
current representatives of these oligarchies
10:43
resulting from Stalinism governing by
10:46
corruption and authoritarianism Putin
10:49
is quite well known as such and
10:51
rightly Zelenski
10:54
less well as he was singled out by his
10:57
financial arrangements in the Pandora there
10:59
the investigation of the international consortium
11:01
of journalists investigation the
11:04
main sponsor of zelenski Igor
11:06
kolomoski is the richest oligarch
11:08
in Ukraine main shareholder of the
11:11
oil company burisma which employed
11:13
Biden's son for 50,000 dollars per
11:16
month he also has a television channel
11:19
which since 2012 has paid 40 million
11:22
dollars to zelenski who was an actor
11:25
before and in power so zelenski
11:28
came to power to close four
11:30
opposition channels before February 2022 and two
11:32
others after the start of the
11:34
Russian invasion and on March 3, 2022 they are
11:37
left-wing activists lisvisia in
11:39
Ukraine who are imprisoned by the
11:41
dozens on March 19, 2022 11
11:44
left-wing parties are banned by zelanski who in
11:47
the middle of war will pass two laws
11:48
against workers they allow
11:51
the boss to deviate from the minimum standards
11:53
defined by the
11:54
International Labor Organization therefore
11:56
wages working time the
11:57
conditions of the employment contract
11:59
they allow the suspension of
12:01
collective agreements which are designed
12:02
to regulate to limit
12:04
the exploitation of employees and they
12:06
even allow the suspension of
12:07
employment contracts and therefore remuneration
12:09
while retaining the right to recall
12:11
the employee if necessary they prohibit
12:13
union street demonstrations and
12:15
allow the Ukrainian state to
12:17
confiscate the premises and property of the
12:19
unions I believe that providing these
12:21
elements of context perhaps allows us to
12:23
think differently about the remarks made by
12:25
Macron since on February 26
12:28
when he considered the possibility that
12:30
European countries including France would send
12:32
troops to Ukraine we will come back to this we
12:35
see it with Putin as with
12:36
Zelensky if Stalinism
12:38
collapsed as an
12:40
international apparatus he did not disappeared as a
12:43
negation of Marxism and a counter-
12:45
revolutionary force and this is not the case
12:47
only in Russia or in Ukraine on
12:50
January 11 Fabien Roussel
12:53
general secretary of the party which bears the
12:55
name of the man whose manifesto was
12:57
written by Marx and Engels this so-called
13:00
communist therefore announces that he could
13:03
enter the government of Macron and Atal
13:05
I quote him I will always respond to a
13:07
request which goes in the direction of
13:09
defending the interest of the country of the
13:11
workers they therefore confuse the interest
13:14
of the country and the interest of the workers
13:16
whereas the Marxist point of view
13:17
is not the interest
13:20
of the country and it is very abstract you have
13:22
the interest of the capitalists of the
13:23
whole world in this country and then you have
13:26
the the interest of the workers of this country
13:27
which first and foremost joins the interest of
13:29
all workers around the world
13:31
by proposing to enter
13:33
Macron's government he proposes
13:35
to enter what Marx himself
13:37
described as a committee which manages the
13:39
affairs communes of the
13:41
bourgeois class and he does it under a
13:43
communist label and therefore allegedly
13:45
Marxist, is this not a
13:47
continuation of
13:50
Stalinism yet could we do
13:52
nothing other than salute the relevance of
13:54
Fabien Roussel's remarks on March 10 on
13:56
Europe 1 when he compared the situation
13:58
of Gazans in Sarevo and the
14:00
Varsovi Ghto, too bad he produced a
14:03
press release to regret this
14:05
comparison, believing that it had
14:07
no place and that I quote
14:10
nothing could be compared to the Choa
14:12
under penalty of relativizing it end of
14:15
quote it is not the concern of
14:18
all Jews or descendants of Jews
14:20
persecuted by the Nazis and who
14:22
today demonstrate against the Genocide
14:24
of the Palestinians by shouting not in our
14:26
name you remember from the unconditional
14:29
therefore of the Stalinists to the young State
14:31
of Israel from this point of view is
14:33
Rousell not doing it again when he attacks
14:35
Rima Hassan candidate of the
14:38
Popular Union list for the Europeans
14:40
by accusing her of not being on the
14:42
line of the two States, the result of which we see
14:43
today for Rousell, the
14:46
one-state solution would not
14:48
bring a political solution and
14:50
peace. On this subject, I invite those who
14:53
have not seen it to watch the session
14:55
of Pierre Lambert's study circle
14:56
devoted to the
14:58
Palestinian question with regard to these
14:59
European elections, how can we understand
15:02
this recent exit of Léon des
15:03
Fontaines as head of the PCF list
15:06
claiming to make secularism a
15:08
republican principle that he will carry very
15:11
proudly then journalist
15:12
questions him he reproaches the honor of the
15:15
fountains to a part of the left
15:18
for having forgotten the defense of
15:20
secularism for having indulged in a form of
15:23
communitarianism to seek out
15:24
voters who bend to religions
15:27
then he reproaches directly to
15:29
rebellious France for not having barked with the
15:31
government against the wearing of the BAA
15:33
for having affirmed that it was not
15:34
necessarily a religious sign because
15:36
not recognized by this or that current of
15:38
Islam today therefore after the
15:42
immigration law passed in force while
15:44
Muslim workers or suspected
15:45
of being Muslims are the
15:48
scapegoats of the Macronists of the so-called
15:50
republicans and of course of the
15:51
national gathering the PCF joins
15:54
the pack with the objective of weakening
15:56
rebellious France contributing to sow
15:59
confusion and divide the workers of the
16:00
country, isn't that a
16:02
concentration of
16:04
Stalinism, let's return to the war in
16:06
Ukraine and its consequences in
16:08
the National Assembly on Tuesday, March 12,
16:11
so last week took place on
16:13
consultative vote on the Macron
16:15
Zelinki agreement preparing Ukraine's accession
16:17
to NATO and the
16:18
European Union and granting this year an
16:21
additional 3 billion euros in
16:22
military aid to the Zelenski regime of course
16:25
the Macronist deputies have voted for I
16:28
say of course not always the case with
16:30
the centrist and LR deputies of course
16:33
even if 12 abstained with the
16:34
national rally but all the
16:37
deputies of the Socialist Party voted
16:39
for with the Europe Ecology deputies
16:41
The worm even if one voted against thus
16:44
the Socialist Party French party of what
16:47
remains of the 2nd international with
16:49
the
16:50
ecologists voted like the
16:52
Macronists for the war then it no
16:54
longer claims to be Marxist for
16:56
some time but factually does
16:59
it not bring us back to the problem of what
17:01
Stalinism still is today I
17:04
return to the historical position of
17:05
this second international before the
17:07
First World War that Trotsky
17:09
recalls in his book in this other
17:11
form we are defetist I quote we are
17:14
defetist in the imperialist countries
17:16
because we want to bring down the regime of
17:18
private property and not because
17:20
we want to punish any
17:23
aggressor this is clearly not the
17:25
position of François Ruffin for whom I
17:28
quote we must strengthen our
17:30
military and civil assistance to Ukraine to
17:32
allow it to defend its sovereignty,
17:34
its independence and its
17:35
territorial integrity François Ruffin answers yes
17:37
to Russia he continues Vladimir
17:39
Putin threat to peace and
17:41
international security should France and
17:42
Europe build their
17:44
defense yes and he concludes Ukraine
17:46
expects the arming of the equipment of the
17:49
material of the munitions no big
17:53
declaration a bit the same position with
17:55
Clementine tin who tweets on March 12 the
17:57
day of the vote we must help the
17:59
Ukrainians to defend themselves including
18:01
militarily today today at the
18:03
National Assembly the expression of this
18:04
solidarity forcefully reasoned
18:07
the urgency is that the government
18:08
honors its word by delivering the material
18:11
for which it is
18:14
committed this also joins the position of the
18:16
NPA which claims to be of Marxism or in
18:19
any case assumes to be among its
18:20
heirs with the ambition to surpass it
18:23
by putting forward concepts such
18:24
as anti-capitalism or
18:27
eco-socialism for the pa support for
18:29
Ukraine takes radical forms yes
18:31
it we must deliver weapons to Ukraine and
18:33
we must even integrate Ukraine into
18:35
NATO and the European Union in
18:37
their newspaper the Anticapitalist of
18:39
February 22 the NPA writes I cite the victory
18:42
against the Russian invasion cannot- to be
18:44
simply military but it cannot do without
18:46
weapons and we cannot
18:49
say we are in solidarity against an aggression and
18:51
oppose arms deliveries because
18:53
they come from
18:55
NATO I cannot resist this
18:57
comment from Nicolas framon de tion
18:59
magazine which says I discover the position
19:01
of the NPA long live the European Union long live
19:03
the war economy it has changed Trotskyism
19:07
or
19:09
today delivering weapons to Ukraine
19:11
it is prolonged the massacre of hundreds
19:13
of thousands of Ukrainians and Russians, is the
19:15
success or failure of the
19:17
military conquest of part of Ukraine by
19:19
Putin's Russia worth such a
19:22
price? Do Russian Ukrainian workers,
19:25
like those around the world, have more
19:27
precious than their life to be saved in
19:29
this
19:30
perspective visibly for Putin and
19:32
Zelens yes as well as for Macron and his
19:35
auxiliary Gluxman and above Biden
19:38
but for
19:40
Marxists as for NATO this
19:42
organization for maintaining disorder
19:44
organized by the United States of America
19:46
how can Marxists
19:48
call for its strengthening should we
19:50
recall NATO's record in
19:52
Yugoslavia in
19:54
Afghanistan let us point out that Sweden
19:56
officially joined NATO on March 7
19:59
to prevent war and yet the
20:01
Swedish government has just
20:03
recommended to its population to store
20:05
food and medicine for 3 months in the
20:07
event of war with
20:09
Russia as for the European Union this
20:12
organization of destruction of
20:13
social rights won in
20:15
national frameworks of dismantling of
20:16
public services of making
20:18
markets available to foreign capital
20:20
how can Marxists
20:22
call for its
20:24
strengthening, it is nevertheless on this
20:26
basis that the NPA was not able to form an
20:28
alliance with France, which is rebellious to the
20:30
Europeans and this is not a stylistic effect
20:32
to stand out in the
20:34
perspective of the elections since already
20:36
on February 25, 2023 more than a year ago
20:39
the NPA had demonstrated with Renaissance
20:41
the Macronist party for
20:44
military support for Ukraine should we understand
20:46
that if the NPA had entered
20:48
the anupes had obtained a seat in
20:51
the National Assembly Olivier Besancenau
20:53
or Philippe Poutou or who do I
20:56
know I don't know who would have voted for
20:59
during this vote of March 12 with
21:01
Renaissance with Olivier strong from the
21:04
PS the decision for the NPA to
21:07
absolutely choose a camp between Putin and
21:09
NATO is probably of the same nature
21:12
as the disagreements which led the 4th
21:14
international to the sission in the early
21:15
1950s. At the time there were those who
21:18
felt that it was necessary to join the
21:20
communist parties and therefore Stalinist to
21:24
trying to straighten them out from the Interior
21:26
thinking that there was no other choice
21:28
than to choose a camp between the Eastern bloc
21:30
and the Western bloc and that it was therefore
21:32
necessary to defend and support the
21:34
Eastern bloc among this you find
21:37
those who then became the LCR and
21:39
the NPA and there were those who
21:42
determined who were determined
21:44
not by the struggle between two blocs but
21:46
always by the
21:47
class struggle the struggle between two classes which
21:49
were both present in
21:50
each block among Cuxa you find
21:52
us the 4th
21:54
international in his book Trotsky
21:56
drives the point home several times on
21:59
this subject explaining we resolve I cite
22:02
all the tasks that we set ourselves
22:04
not by supporting certain
22:06
governments imperialist against
22:07
others but by the method of
22:10
international class struggle our
22:12
work must be aimed at ensuring that the
22:13
workers do not allow themselves to be caught
22:15
unawares and prepare the public opinion
22:17
of their own class for the
22:19
revolutionary settlement of the tasks that
22:22
await us today still today this
22:24
difference of appreciation between the NPA
22:26
and us consisting for them in not
22:28
starting from the specific existence of our
22:30
social camp the working class therefore
22:33
from its independent action but from the
22:35
particularities of the government which
22:37
oppresses them from among which we should
22:39
choose the less bad this
22:41
difference leads them to
22:42
ignore that the enemy is in our
22:45
own country and that the interest of the
22:47
workers is not that of the
22:48
capitalists this also leads them to
22:52
ignore the very function of war from the
22:54
capitalist point of view the newspaper
22:56
employer Les Échos of March 12 which was
22:58
cited in my workers' information
23:00
indicated that France has become the
23:02
second world exporter of arms
23:05
taking the place of Russia in this
23:07
ranking and it specifies the
23:10
imports of arms into Europe have
23:11
almost doubled and far from
23:14
strategic autonomy American dependence
23:15
reaches a peak 55% of
23:19
arms imports by European countries
23:20
come over the period 2019-2023 from the
23:24
United States of America it was 35% in
23:27
2014-208
23:28
unsurprisingly The United States is the
23:30
world's largest arms seller with
23:33
deliveries to 107 countries from 2019 to
23:36
2023, more than in
23:39
any previous five-year period
23:40
and far more than any other
23:42
arms exporter.
23:45
war is a way for
23:46
capitalists to find an outlet for
23:48
investments not finding
23:50
other profitable markets of course there
23:52
would be enough to absorb all these
23:54
billions to meet the needs of
23:56
workers all over the world in
23:58
2015 the Organization of United Nations
24:01
Food and Agriculture Organization
24:03
estimated that by investing
24:05
$267 billion per year for 15
24:07
years it would have been possible to eliminate the
24:09
end in the world by 2030 - that's
24:12
barely a third of the military budget of the
24:14
United States of America but the
24:17
profitability of satisfying the
24:19
needs of the population is not
24:20
sufficient so we must find
24:22
other outlets and the war makes it possible to
24:25
quickly sell
24:26
large quantities of goods in
24:28
this case weapons requiring
24:31
production in large quantities, it is therefore
24:33
a privileged lever for guaranteeing
24:37
investments while mobilizing
24:39
significant productive forces and
24:41
mobilizing them for the purposes of destroying
24:44
other productive forces,
24:46
whether human labor force of
24:48
factory goods which maintains
24:50
the profitability of this type of
24:53
economic activity for the future according to the Wall
24:55
Street Journal a 155 mm shell which
24:58
cost 2100 dollars in February 2022
25:02
now costs 8400 dollars and yes the
25:05
demand has increased and the supply is
25:08
interested it is interested not
25:10
to save the Ukrainians but to
25:11
save the profits of
25:13
capitalism that is why yes our
25:15
priority is the ceasefire to
25:17
guarantee the interests that I have just
25:18
described in reverse the European Union,
25:20
it is against the ceasefire
25:22
like Macron who said it again to the leader of
25:24
political parties when he received them
25:26
2 weeks ago and on this occasion
25:28
leaked information according to which
25:31
Macron had informed that the Russia
25:33
asked for a cease fire and he
25:36
immediately responded that France
25:37
could not accede to this request from
25:39
Russia. Ruffin seems to ignore this
25:42
information since in the world of
25:44
March 16 he indicates that we must help the
25:48
Ukrainians already to maintain their
25:50
front line that their access to the sea be
25:51
preserved by arms so that
25:53
the weapons are weaved to bring Vladimir
25:55
Putin back to the negotiating table
25:59
by arms so that the
26:01
weapons are weaved it is the exact opposite of this
26:04
quote from Jores that I I saw it flourishing
26:06
on social networks and that I
26:07
checked anyway I quote we are not waging
26:09
war to get rid of the
26:11
war how many Ukrainians and Russians
26:15
will die in the coming
26:16
days for lack of refusal to cease the fire
26:18
by Macron VL and
26:21
Biden we can only deplore that
26:23
organizations from currents which
26:26
claimed or still claim to be
26:27
Marxist or of Marxist inspiration
26:30
ultimately side with this
26:32
nationalist policy protective of the
26:34
capitalist regime in reality
26:37
in -beyond the speeches this
26:39
nationalist policy is of the same nature as
26:41
that which claims that the Israeli State has
26:44
the right to self-defense it is
26:46
of the same nature as that which consists of
26:48
presenting Macron as a useful champion
26:50
in the fight against extreme right
26:52
yes we deplore it but we are
26:54
not content to deplore it we act by the
26:58
active defense of Marxism that is to say
27:00
by the grouping of those who
27:01
do not intend to give in to this pressure
27:03
at this time if there is there are many who are
27:05
coming together to not let themselves be pushed around and
27:07
to win, these are the teachers
27:08
of Saint Saint-Denis starting from their
27:11
mobilization how to understand
27:14
the obstinacy of the management of the
27:16
majority unions in
27:17
education to circumscribe their strike
27:19
and their demand at 93 in the only
27:23
scene its how to understand their
27:25
distrust and their refusal to these unions to
27:27
these union management to call for
27:30
general assemblies everywhere so that the
27:32
staff decide and control their
27:35
mobilization why fear the
27:37
contagion of the strike what is the point of this
27:40
desire to subordinate the movement of
27:42
these tens of thousands of teachers
27:43
who demand resources from the government,
27:46
it has every interest in breaking up the
27:48
workers' struggle, this reduces the
27:50
power of this struggle but from the point
27:51
of view of the workers what is the interest
27:54
other than that of protecting the government policy
27:57
yes the union leaderships while they
27:58
have the CAPAC the capacity to
28:00
influence the situation shows in
28:02
certain circumstances which
28:04
unfortunately tend to become the norm
28:06
that it refuses to destabilize the
28:08
regime on the contrary the failures of all
28:12
attempts to humanize or attenuate
28:14
capitalism should they not
28:16
lead us to support the struggle of
28:18
workers for a total and
28:20
complete break with
28:21
capitalism in the face of the staffs who
28:24
give in under the pressure of you not
28:26
consider grassroots democracy as a
28:28
means and objective of this
28:31
rupture the defense of Marxism implies
28:34
discussing these questions do we want to
28:37
philosophize do we want a policy
28:39
which obtains sentence adjustments
28:41
for workers or do
28:43
we want the victory of the struggle of the
28:45
oppressed for their
28:46
emancipation this brings us to help the
28:49
political regrouping of those who
28:51
act and seek to act in
28:53
the interest of the greatest number, therefore of
28:54
workers against the fate that
28:56
governments impose on them and their reservations,
28:59
they claim to be Marxists or not,
29:02
they are motivated or not by the refusal of
29:04
the Stalinist imposture but their
29:06
mobilization is the natural movement
29:09
that Marxism calls to
29:12
help from this point of view there is this
29:14
movement which is France insoumise
29:16
which is not Marxist but as proven
29:19
during the pensions battle this
29:21
movement feeds on the struggle of
29:22
workers to determine its
29:25
political orientation and becomes the sounding board
29:27
for this struggle even in the
29:29
National Assembly where it has determined its
29:31
parliamentary action in the service of the strike
29:33
without subordinating itself to the policy of the
29:35
union leaderships whose we
29:37
cannot say that it was very effective
29:38
on pensions, on the contrary LFI
29:41
cares about being in tune with what
29:43
the base thinks in the
29:45
general assemblies in the demonstrations in
29:47
the blockages and it has mobilized its
29:49
resources to support the strikers
29:51
with great efficiency LFI fights
29:54
with precision and Constancy the
29:55
propaganda of the regime and therefore helps to
29:58
resist the pressure which is exerted to
30:00
weaken the struggle to turn away from the
30:02
own interests of the workers
30:03
whether in the name of debt or war
30:06
from October 7, LFI was the only
30:09
political force represented in
30:10
the National Assembly to deliver the only
30:12
speech that allowed appeasement and
30:14
discussion to break with the cycle
30:16
of violence in Palestine and
30:18
Ukraine.
30:19
It voted against the
30:21
Macron's vatangare position for all these reasons LFI
30:24
meets the assent of millions
30:26
especially during electoral periods
30:27
but also in moments when the
30:29
class struggle takes the form of
30:30
intense strike it follows that Marxists
30:33
not only cannot be
30:35
indifferent nor turn our backs on it but
30:38
on the contrary have every interest in its
30:40
strengthening, this is the reason
30:42
why the Marxists that we are
30:43
are totally involved in
30:45
rebellious France, participating in its
30:47
strengthening in the action groups,
30:50
including by taking up the deadlines
30:52
electoral even though victories
30:55
at the polls in France will
30:58
probably not be enough to overthrow
30:59
capitalism we do not forget
31:01
the experience of mitteran even on an
31:04
explicit program of rupture with
31:06
capitalism will an electoral victory
31:08
be enough for this that the
31:10
capitalists abandon power equipped
31:13
with the experience of the past of the betrayals
31:16
of the defeats but also of the victories
31:18
which led, as in 1917, to the
31:20
most important world conquests of the
31:22
workers, we believe that there will be
31:24
no outcome without overthrowing by the
31:27
means of class struggle
31:29
completely overthrow definitively and
31:32
globally capitalism which is at
31:34
the origin of the advanced decomposition of
31:37
all sections of society
31:40
Marx's position and therefore ours the emancipation
31:42
of workers will be the work of the
31:44
workers themselves it is not
31:46
the Marxists who make revolutions
31:48
it is the masses integrating the
31:51
reflection that Trotsky presents in
31:53
his book analyzing
31:55
concrete situations concretely with a
31:57
class point of view
31:58
is understanding why he founded the
32:00
4th International and it is
32:02
organizing oneself to help
32:04
the workers win today against their
32:06
own government to make it
32:08
retreat on the front of the
32:10
social war it is waging against the population
32:12
and to defeat to the
32:14
military war escalation in which he
32:16
wants to drag us and overthrow
32:18
capitalism which begins by
32:20
giving himself the means by regrouping by
32:23
organizing by
32:24
preparing Marxism because it unifies
32:28
theory and practice by means of
32:30
organization therefore the The international and
32:32
its sections help to answer
32:34
methodically the questions that arise for
32:36
workers, including on Marxism
32:38
itself, it therefore allows the
32:40
discussion to be organized for concrete action every
32:42
week to encourage workers and
32:45
youth to overcome the
32:47
political obstacles that we face
32:49
in the class struggle to act and
32:52
influence
32:53
events, thank you
33:05
[Applause]
Suggest an edit Coming soon
Information for nerds Coming soon
[{"index":0,"timestamp":"0","end_timestamp":"2","time":"0:00","end_time":"0:02","text":"thank you mellinda good evening"},{"index":1,"timestamp":"2","end_timestamp":"7","time":"0:02","end_time":"0:07","text":"comrade the Japanese philosopher k Saito"},{"index":2,"timestamp":"7","end_timestamp":"9","time":"0:07","end_time":"0:09","text":"who is considered the new star"},{"index":3,"timestamp":"9","end_timestamp":"10","time":"0:09","end_time":"0:10","text":"of Marxism in the eyes of part of the"},{"index":4,"timestamp":"10","end_timestamp":"13","time":"0:10","end_time":"0:13","text":"intellectual world wrote in 2017 and"},{"index":5,"timestamp":"13","end_timestamp":"16","time":"0:13","end_time":"0:16","text":"2020 two works considered to be best"},{"index":6,"timestamp":"16","end_timestamp":"19","time":"0:16","end_time":"0:19","text":"sellers today: nature against"},{"index":7,"timestamp":"19","end_timestamp":"22","time":"0:19","end_time":"0:22","text":"capital and capital in"},{"index":8,"timestamp":"22","end_timestamp":"24","time":"0:22","end_time":"0:24","text":"the Anthropocene with"},{"index":9,"timestamp":"24","end_timestamp":"27","time":"0:24","end_time":"0:27","text":"his own conception of Marxism since he proposes"},{"index":10,"timestamp":"27","end_timestamp":"30","time":"0:27","end_time":"0:30","text":"purely and simply to abandon it"},{"index":11,"timestamp":"30","end_timestamp":"33","time":"0:30","end_time":"0:33","text":"to promote, I quote, a"},{"index":12,"timestamp":"33","end_timestamp":"34","time":"0:33","end_time":"0:34","text":"decreasing communism even suggesting to"},{"index":13,"timestamp":"34","end_timestamp":"37","time":"0:34","end_time":"0:37","text":"trade unionists I quote again to exchange"},{"index":14,"timestamp":"37","end_timestamp":"39","time":"0:37","end_time":"0:39","text":"the increase in wages for a"},{"index":15,"timestamp":"39","end_timestamp":"42","time":"0:39","end_time":"0:42","text":"reduction of working hours Wednesday"},{"index":16,"timestamp":"42","end_timestamp":"44","time":"0:42","end_time":"0:44","text":"March 6 another writer but not of the same"},{"index":17,"timestamp":"44","end_timestamp":"48","time":"0:44","end_time":"0:48","text":"genre Bruno Le Maire declared I quote"},{"index":18,"timestamp":"48","end_timestamp":"51","time":"0:48","end_time":"0:51","text":"Leupenism is a new"},{"index":19,"timestamp":"51","end_timestamp":"53","time":"0:51","end_time":"0:53","text":"Marxism this minister of the"},{"index":20,"timestamp":"53","end_timestamp":"55","time":"0:53","end_time":"0:55","text":"Macron Atal government who announces to us 10"},{"index":21,"timestamp":"55","end_timestamp":"57","time":"0:55","end_time":"0:57","text":"billion budget cuts this"},{"index":22,"timestamp":"57","end_timestamp":"59","time":"0:57","end_time":"0:59","text":"year 20 billion per year next but"},{"index":23,"timestamp":"59","end_timestamp":"62","time":"0:59","end_time":"1:02","text":"who gives 3000 Z for the war seeks"},{"index":24,"timestamp":"62","end_timestamp":"65","time":"1:02","end_time":"1:05","text":"to identify Marxism and the extreme"},{"index":25,"timestamp":"65","end_timestamp":"67","time":"1:05","end_time":"1:07","text":"right Marxism is cited as a reference"},{"index":26,"timestamp":"67","end_timestamp":"70","time":"1:07","end_time":"1:10","text":"to smear it to mislead it"},{"index":27,"timestamp":"70","end_timestamp":"72","time":"1:10","end_time":"1:12","text":"so let's return straight away to what Marxism is"},{"index":28,"timestamp":"72","end_timestamp":"74","time":"1:12","end_time":"1:14","text":"I invite those who do not would not have seen to"},{"index":29,"timestamp":"74","end_timestamp":"76","time":"1:14","end_time":"1:16","text":"watch in particular the session of the"},{"index":30,"timestamp":"76","end_timestamp":"77","time":"1:16","end_time":"1:17","text":"Pierre Lambert Study Circle devoted to the"},{"index":31,"timestamp":"77","end_timestamp":"79","time":"1:17","end_time":"1:19","text":"Manifesto of the Communist Party but in a"},{"index":32,"timestamp":"79","end_timestamp":"82","time":"1:19","end_time":"1:22","text":"condensed way I would say three things"},{"index":33,"timestamp":"82","end_timestamp":"84","time":"1:22","end_time":"1:24","text":"first Marxism analyzes the"},{"index":34,"timestamp":"84","end_timestamp":"85","time":"1:24","end_time":"1:25","text":"development of the"},{"index":35,"timestamp":"85","end_timestamp":"88","time":"1:25","end_time":"1:28","text":"production capacities of humanity and deduces from it"},{"index":36,"timestamp":"88","end_timestamp":"90","time":"1:28","end_time":"1:30","text":"the the existence of social classes which are"},{"index":37,"timestamp":"90","end_timestamp":"92","time":"1:30","end_time":"1:32","text":"in struggle for their own and"},{"index":38,"timestamp":"92","end_timestamp":"95","time":"1:32","end_time":"1:35","text":"distinct interests of which one is in power and"},{"index":39,"timestamp":"95","end_timestamp":"98","time":"1:35","end_time":"1:38","text":"dominates the others by means of State"},{"index":40,"timestamp":"98","end_timestamp":"100","time":"1:38","end_time":"1:40","text":"with their police their army their justice"},{"index":41,"timestamp":"100","end_timestamp":"101","time":"1:40","end_time":"1:41","text":"their laws their"},{"index":42,"timestamp":"101","end_timestamp":"104","time":"1:41","end_time":"1:44","text":"propaganda secondly Marxism"},{"index":43,"timestamp":"104","end_timestamp":"106","time":"1:44","end_time":"1:46","text":"shows that this struggle of class opposes"},{"index":44,"timestamp":"106","end_timestamp":"108","time":"1:46","end_time":"1:48","text":"today and since the end of"},{"index":45,"timestamp":"108","end_timestamp":"110","time":"1:48","end_time":"1:50","text":"the feudal era and on an"},{"index":46,"timestamp":"110","end_timestamp":"112","time":"1:50","end_time":"1:52","text":"international scale those who must live"},{"index":47,"timestamp":"112","end_timestamp":"114","time":"1:52","end_time":"1:54","text":"to work, therefore the workers"},{"index":48,"timestamp":"114","end_timestamp":"117","time":"1:54","end_time":"1:57","text":"on the one hand and those who do not need"},{"index":49,"timestamp":"117","end_timestamp":"118","time":"1:57","end_time":"1:58","text":"to work on the other hand since their"},{"index":50,"timestamp":"118","end_timestamp":"120","time":"1:58","end_time":"2:00","text":"political domination"},{"index":51,"timestamp":"120","end_timestamp":"123","time":"2:00","end_time":"2:03","text":"their guarantee of being able to live from what"},{"index":52,"timestamp":"123","end_timestamp":"124","time":"2:03","end_time":"2:04","text":"the fact of being"},{"index":53,"timestamp":"124","end_timestamp":"127","time":"2:04","end_time":"2:07","text":"the owner of the means of production brings them"},{"index":54,"timestamp":"127","end_timestamp":"129","time":"2:07","end_time":"2:09","text":"therefore having accumulated capital they"},{"index":55,"timestamp":"129","end_timestamp":"132","time":"2:09","end_time":"2:12","text":"are the capitalists and thirdly"},{"index":56,"timestamp":"132","end_timestamp":"134","time":"2:12","end_time":"2:14","text":"Marxism shows that this"},{"index":57,"timestamp":"134","end_timestamp":"136","time":"2:14","end_time":"2:16","text":"class struggle is the engine of history and"},{"index":58,"timestamp":"136","end_timestamp":"138","time":"2:16","end_time":"2:18","text":"that in this struggle Marxism is"},{"index":59,"timestamp":"138","end_timestamp":"141","time":"2:18","end_time":"2:21","text":"not neutral it puts its method of analysis"},{"index":60,"timestamp":"141","end_timestamp":"144","time":"2:21","end_time":"2:24","text":"at the service of the working class"},{"index":61,"timestamp":"144","end_timestamp":"146","time":"2:24","end_time":"2:26","text":"to abolish not only the possibility"},{"index":62,"timestamp":"146","end_timestamp":"148","time":"2:26","end_time":"2:28","text":"that a minority can live by"},{"index":63,"timestamp":"148","end_timestamp":"150","time":"2:28","end_time":"2:30","text":"exploiting it"},{"index":64,"timestamp":"150","end_timestamp":"152","time":"2:30","end_time":"2:32","text":"but also quite simply to abolish"},{"index":65,"timestamp":"152","end_timestamp":"154","time":"2:32","end_time":"2:34","text":"the march the barbarism which is currently taking place"},{"index":66,"timestamp":"154","end_timestamp":"156","time":"2:34","end_time":"2:36","text":"before our eyes,"},{"index":67,"timestamp":"156","end_timestamp":"158","time":"2:36","end_time":"2:38","text":"capitalism offering no other future"},{"index":68,"timestamp":"158","end_timestamp":"160","time":"2:38","end_time":"2:40","text":"to humanity than crises and"},{"index":69,"timestamp":"160","end_timestamp":"163","time":"2:40","end_time":"2:43","text":"wars when Trotsky writes in defense"},{"index":70,"timestamp":"163","end_timestamp":"168","time":"2:43","end_time":"2:48","text":"of Marxism so between 1937 and"},{"index":71,"timestamp":"168","end_timestamp":"170","time":"2:48","end_time":"2:50","text":"1939 he does so to contribute to the"},{"index":72,"timestamp":"170","end_timestamp":"173","time":"2:50","end_time":"2:53","text":"settlement of disagreement within a"},{"index":73,"timestamp":"173","end_timestamp":"174","time":"2:53","end_time":"2:54","text":"section of the 4th International that"},{"index":74,"timestamp":"174","end_timestamp":"176","time":"2:54","end_time":"2:56","text":"of the United States of America and he"},{"index":75,"timestamp":"176","end_timestamp":"178","time":"2:56","end_time":"2:58","text":"intervenes to defend Marxism"},{"index":76,"timestamp":"178","end_timestamp":"180","time":"2:58","end_time":"3:00","text":"not only as a way"},{"index":77,"timestamp":"180","end_timestamp":"182","time":"3:00","end_time":"3:02","text":"of approaching problems but to"},{"index":78,"timestamp":"182","end_timestamp":"184","time":"3:02","end_time":"3:04","text":"defend their practical consequences,"},{"index":79,"timestamp":"184","end_timestamp":"186","time":"3:04","end_time":"3:06","text":"first and foremost the conquests of"},{"index":80,"timestamp":"186","end_timestamp":"189","time":"3:06","end_time":"3:09","text":"the October Revolution of 1917 in"},{"index":81,"timestamp":"189","end_timestamp":"191","time":"3:09","end_time":"3:11","text":"Russia the first measure taken by the"},{"index":82,"timestamp":"191","end_timestamp":"193","time":"3:11","end_time":"3:13","text":"Bolsheviks following the"},{"index":83,"timestamp":"193","end_timestamp":"196","time":"3:13","end_time":"3:16","text":"October Revolution was peace then came the"},{"index":84,"timestamp":"196","end_timestamp":"198","time":"3:16","end_time":"3:18","text":"right of peoples to self-determination"},{"index":85,"timestamp":"198","end_timestamp":"199","time":"3:18","end_time":"3:19","text":"the abolition of large property"},{"index":86,"timestamp":"199","end_timestamp":"201","time":"3:19","end_time":"3:21","text":"agrarian and the handing over of land to the"},{"index":87,"timestamp":"201","end_timestamp":"203","time":"3:21","end_time":"3:23","text":"peasants industrial enterprises with"},{"index":88,"timestamp":"203","end_timestamp":"205","time":"3:23","end_time":"3:25","text":"more than 5 employees are placed under"},{"index":89,"timestamp":"205","end_timestamp":"208","time":"3:25","end_time":"3:28","text":"workers' control all the assets and"},{"index":90,"timestamp":"208","end_timestamp":"209","time":"3:28","end_time":"3:29","text":"shares of the banks are confiscated is"},{"index":91,"timestamp":"209","end_timestamp":"212","time":"3:29","end_time":"3:32","text":"put at the service of the people the inequality"},{"index":92,"timestamp":"212","end_timestamp":"213","time":"3:32","end_time":"3:33","text":"between men and women which was"},{"index":93,"timestamp":"213","end_timestamp":"216","time":"3:33","end_time":"3:36","text":"enshrined in the law is abolished the right"},{"index":94,"timestamp":"216","end_timestamp":"218","time":"3:36","end_time":"3:38","text":"to abortion is established"},{"index":95,"timestamp":"218","end_timestamp":"219","time":"3:38","end_time":"3:39","text":"night work for women is prohibited"},{"index":96,"timestamp":"219","end_timestamp":"221","time":"3:39","end_time":"3:41","text":"child labor becomes illegal"},{"index":97,"timestamp":"221","end_timestamp":"223","time":"3:41","end_time":"3:43","text":"higher education is open to"},{"index":98,"timestamp":"223","end_timestamp":"225","time":"3:43","end_time":"3:45","text":"all young people without restriction et"},{"index":99,"timestamp":"225","end_timestamp":"228","time":"3:45","end_time":"3:48","text":"cetera these hundreds of measures which"},{"index":100,"timestamp":"228","end_timestamp":"230","time":"3:48","end_time":"3:50","text":"were taken more than 100 years"},{"index":101,"timestamp":"230","end_timestamp":"233","time":"3:50","end_time":"3:53","text":"are they still relevant"},{"index":102,"timestamp":"233","end_timestamp":"236","time":"3:53","end_time":"3:56","text":"today unfortunately yes that is"},{"index":103,"timestamp":"236","end_timestamp":"238","time":"3:56","end_time":"3:58","text":"why the defense of Marxism at"},{"index":104,"timestamp":"238","end_timestamp":"240","time":"3:58","end_time":"4:00","text":"the end of the 30s as now"},{"index":105,"timestamp":"240","end_timestamp":"243","time":"4:00","end_time":"4:03","text":"remains central the defense of Marxism"},{"index":106,"timestamp":"243","end_timestamp":"245","time":"4:03","end_time":"4:05","text":"is therefore first of all the defense of a"},{"index":107,"timestamp":"245","end_timestamp":"247","time":"4:05","end_time":"4:07","text":"conception of the world based on the interest"},{"index":108,"timestamp":"247","end_timestamp":"249","time":"4:07","end_time":"4:09","text":"of the greatest number, therefore of the"},{"index":109,"timestamp":"249","end_timestamp":"251","time":"4:09","end_time":"4:11","text":"workers who everywhere are threatened,"},{"index":110,"timestamp":"251","end_timestamp":"254","time":"4:11","end_time":"4:14","text":"if not by military war, at least"},{"index":111,"timestamp":"254","end_timestamp":"256","time":"4:14","end_time":"4:16","text":"by social war. This point of view"},{"index":112,"timestamp":"256","end_timestamp":"258","time":"4:16","end_time":"4:18","text":"contrasts with that of the small number of"},{"index":113,"timestamp":"258","end_timestamp":"261","time":"4:18","end_time":"4:21","text":"profiteers for whom, uh, all the"},{"index":114,"timestamp":"261","end_timestamp":"262","time":"4:21","end_time":"4:22","text":"indicators are at odds. melts into the green"},{"index":115,"timestamp":"262","end_timestamp":"264","time":"4:22","end_time":"4:24","text":"eh without a bad pun since the"},{"index":116,"timestamp":"264","end_timestamp":"266","time":"4:24","end_time":"4:26","text":"stock markets as you have seen are breaking"},{"index":117,"timestamp":"266","end_timestamp":"268","time":"4:26","end_time":"4:28","text":"all records at the moment to create a"},{"index":118,"timestamp":"268","end_timestamp":"271","time":"4:28","end_time":"4:31","text":"diversion the adversaries of Marxism"},{"index":119,"timestamp":"271","end_timestamp":"275","time":"4:31","end_time":"4:35","text":"have a reflex objection Stalinism"},{"index":120,"timestamp":"275","end_timestamp":"277","time":"4:35","end_time":"4:37","text":"named after Stalin which will gradually"},{"index":121,"timestamp":"277","end_timestamp":"279","time":"4:37","end_time":"4:39","text":"seize power in the USSR and from the"},{"index":122,"timestamp":"279","end_timestamp":"282","time":"4:39","end_time":"4:42","text":"end of the 1920s transformed the"},{"index":123,"timestamp":"282","end_timestamp":"283","time":"4:42","end_time":"4:43","text":"Soviet regime into a personal dictatorship"},{"index":124,"timestamp":"283","end_timestamp":"285","time":"4:43","end_time":"4:45","text":"but not just any"},{"index":125,"timestamp":"285","end_timestamp":"287","time":"4:45","end_time":"4:47","text":"dictatorship. Stalin had"},{"index":126,"timestamp":"287","end_timestamp":"289","time":"4:47","end_time":"4:49","text":"his opponents massacred en masse, including"},{"index":127,"timestamp":"289","end_timestamp":"291","time":"4:49","end_time":"4:51","text":"almost all of the"},{"index":128,"timestamp":"291","end_timestamp":"292","time":"4:51","end_time":"4:52","text":"Bolshevik leaders who took part in the"},{"index":129,"timestamp":"292","end_timestamp":"294","time":"4:52","end_time":"4:54","text":"October Revolution, he claims. base"},{"index":130,"timestamp":"294","end_timestamp":"296","time":"4:54","end_time":"4:56","text":"its policy on the theory of"},{"index":131,"timestamp":"296","end_timestamp":"298","time":"4:56","end_time":"4:58","text":"socialism in a single country while"},{"index":132,"timestamp":"298","end_timestamp":"300","time":"4:58","end_time":"5:00","text":"Marxism based on the analysis of a"},{"index":133,"timestamp":"300","end_timestamp":"303","time":"5:00","end_time":"5:03","text":"globalized economy characterized the"},{"index":134,"timestamp":"303","end_timestamp":"304","time":"5:03","end_time":"5:04","text":"struggle of workers for their"},{"index":135,"timestamp":"304","end_timestamp":"306","time":"5:04","end_time":"5:06","text":"emancipation as"},{"index":136,"timestamp":"306","end_timestamp":"308","time":"5:06","end_time":"5:08","text":"international in his book Trotsky"},{"index":137,"timestamp":"308","end_timestamp":"310","time":"5:08","end_time":"5:10","text":"explains how this lie this"},{"index":138,"timestamp":"310","end_timestamp":"313","time":"5:10","end_time":"5:13","text":"negation of Marxism has able to settle"},{"index":139,"timestamp":"313","end_timestamp":"315","time":"5:13","end_time":"5:15","text":"and live in a country that was not very developed"},{"index":140,"timestamp":"315","end_timestamp":"317","time":"5:15","end_time":"5:17","text":"economically, whose population"},{"index":141,"timestamp":"317","end_timestamp":"320","time":"5:17","end_time":"5:20","text":"was essentially peasant and therefore not very"},{"index":142,"timestamp":"320","end_timestamp":"322","time":"5:20","end_time":"5:22","text":"working-class, and which emerged devastated from the"},{"index":143,"timestamp":"322","end_timestamp":"324","time":"5:22","end_time":"5:24","text":"First World War and the"},{"index":144,"timestamp":"324","end_timestamp":"327","time":"5:24","end_time":"5:27","text":"civil war against the revolutionary Trotsky"},{"index":145,"timestamp":"327","end_timestamp":"329","time":"5:27","end_time":"5:29","text":"demonstrates how Stalin's policy"},{"index":146,"timestamp":"329","end_timestamp":"331","time":"5:29","end_time":"5:31","text":"will increase the capitalist pressure"},{"index":147,"timestamp":"331","end_timestamp":"334","time":"5:31","end_time":"5:34","text":"encircling the young workers state born from"},{"index":148,"timestamp":"334","end_timestamp":"335","time":"5:34","end_time":"5:35","text":"the victory of the workers who"},{"index":149,"timestamp":"335","end_timestamp":"338","time":"5:35","end_time":"5:38","text":"expropriated the capitalists on this"},{"index":150,"timestamp":"338","end_timestamp":"341","time":"5:38","end_time":"5:41","text":"territory in 1917 but deprived of the support"},{"index":151,"timestamp":"341","end_timestamp":"344","time":"5:41","end_time":"5:44","text":"of the German revolution crushed in"},{"index":152,"timestamp":"344","end_timestamp":"347","time":"5:44","end_time":"5:47","text":"blood in 1919 and overall deprived of the"},{"index":153,"timestamp":"347","end_timestamp":"348","time":"5:47","end_time":"5:48","text":"support of a major part of the"},{"index":154,"timestamp":"348","end_timestamp":"351","time":"5:48","end_time":"5:51","text":"workers' movement organized at the time"},{"index":155,"timestamp":"351","end_timestamp":"354","time":"5:51","end_time":"5:54","text":"within the framework of the 2nd international"},{"index":156,"timestamp":"354","end_timestamp":"356","time":"5:54","end_time":"5:56","text":"let us recall that the main sections"},{"index":157,"timestamp":"356","end_timestamp":"357","time":"5:56","end_time":"5:57","text":"of this 2nd international the"},{"index":158,"timestamp":"357","end_timestamp":"359","time":"5:57","end_time":"5:59","text":"social democratic parties in particular"},{"index":159,"timestamp":"359","end_timestamp":"361","time":"5:59","end_time":"6:01","text":"French and German betrayed their"},{"index":160,"timestamp":"361","end_timestamp":"363","time":"6:01","end_time":"6:03","text":"congress position by voting for"},{"index":161,"timestamp":"363","end_timestamp":"366","time":"6:03","end_time":"6:06","text":"war credits in 1914 and therefore"},{"index":162,"timestamp":"366","end_timestamp":"368","time":"6:06","end_time":"6:08","text":"accepted the National Union, that is to say"},{"index":163,"timestamp":"368","end_timestamp":"370","time":"6:08","end_time":"6:10","text":"submission to their"},{"index":164,"timestamp":"370","end_timestamp":"372","time":"6:10","end_time":"6:12","text":"bourgeois government and therefore accepted the"},{"index":165,"timestamp":"372","end_timestamp":"374","time":"6:12","end_time":"6:14","text":"renunciation of the revolution we will have to"},{"index":166,"timestamp":"374","end_timestamp":"377","time":"6:14","end_time":"6:17","text":"return to this topical question"},{"index":167,"timestamp":"377","end_timestamp":"379","time":"6:17","end_time":"6:19","text":"Trotsky recalls the position which was"},{"index":168,"timestamp":"379","end_timestamp":"381","time":"6:19","end_time":"6:21","text":"that of the 2nd international before its"},{"index":169,"timestamp":"381","end_timestamp":"382","time":"6:21","end_time":"6:22","text":"bankruptcy and which is today that of"},{"index":170,"timestamp":"382","end_timestamp":"385","time":"6:22","end_time":"6:25","text":"the 4th International I cite in all"},{"index":171,"timestamp":"385","end_timestamp":"387","time":"6:25","end_time":"6:27","text":"imperialist countries the"},{"index":172,"timestamp":"387","end_timestamp":"389","time":"6:27","end_time":"6:29","text":"proletarian parties must in time of war"},{"index":173,"timestamp":"389","end_timestamp":"391","time":"6:29","end_time":"6:31","text":"develop the class struggle in order to"},{"index":174,"timestamp":"391","end_timestamp":"393","time":"6:31","end_time":"6:33","text":"seize"},{"index":175,"timestamp":"393","end_timestamp":"395","time":"6:33","end_time":"6:35","text":"power while the 3rd"},{"index":176,"timestamp":"395","end_timestamp":"397","time":"6:35","end_time":"6:37","text":"International was founded in the The momentum"},{"index":177,"timestamp":"397","end_timestamp":"399","time":"6:37","end_time":"6:39","text":"of the October Revolution to remedy"},{"index":178,"timestamp":"399","end_timestamp":"402","time":"6:39","end_time":"6:42","text":"the bankruptcy of the 2nd Stalinist regime will"},{"index":179,"timestamp":"402","end_timestamp":"403","time":"6:42","end_time":"6:43","text":"make it a courteous transmission of his"},{"index":180,"timestamp":"403","end_timestamp":"405","time":"6:43","end_time":"6:45","text":"regime transforming the"},{"index":181,"timestamp":"405","end_timestamp":"407","time":"6:45","end_time":"6:47","text":"communist parties around the world into agencies of"},{"index":182,"timestamp":"407","end_timestamp":"409","time":"6:47","end_time":"6:49","text":"the Kremelin bureaucracy opposing"},{"index":183,"timestamp":"409","end_timestamp":"412","time":"6:49","end_time":"6:52","text":"the revolutionary movement, particularly"},{"index":184,"timestamp":"412","end_timestamp":"415","time":"6:52","end_time":"6:55","text":"in France where they will counter the"},{"index":185,"timestamp":"415","end_timestamp":"417","time":"6:55","end_time":"6:57","text":"revolutionary movement which was based"},{"index":186,"timestamp":"417","end_timestamp":"419","time":"6:57","end_time":"6:59","text":"which could have relied on the front of the"},{"index":187,"timestamp":"419","end_timestamp":"422","time":"6:59","end_time":"7:02","text":"workers' parties the common front PSPC by"},{"index":188,"timestamp":"422","end_timestamp":"424","time":"7:02","end_time":"7:04","text":"replacing it with the Popular Front"},{"index":189,"timestamp":"424","end_timestamp":"425","time":"7:04","end_time":"7:05","text":"forcing the alliance with a"},{"index":190,"timestamp":"425","end_timestamp":"428","time":"7:05","end_time":"7:08","text":"centrist party therefore bourgeois but also in"},{"index":191,"timestamp":"428","end_timestamp":"431","time":"7:08","end_time":"7:11","text":"Spain facilitating the victory by Franco"},{"index":192,"timestamp":"431","end_timestamp":"432","time":"7:11","end_time":"7:12","text":"and of course in Germany, facilitating"},{"index":193,"timestamp":"432","end_timestamp":"434","time":"7:12","end_time":"7:14","text":"Hitler's rise to power and"},{"index":194,"timestamp":"434","end_timestamp":"436","time":"7:14","end_time":"7:16","text":"generally preparing the conditions for"},{"index":195,"timestamp":"436","end_timestamp":"438","time":"7:16","end_time":"7:18","text":"the Second World War. I invited"},{"index":196,"timestamp":"438","end_timestamp":"439","time":"7:18","end_time":"7:19","text":"those who had not seen it to"},{"index":197,"timestamp":"439","end_timestamp":"441","time":"7:19","end_time":"7:21","text":"watch the"},{"index":198,"timestamp":"441","end_timestamp":"442","time":"7:21","end_time":"7:22","text":"Pierre Lambert study session. dedicated to the history"},{"index":199,"timestamp":"442","end_timestamp":"444","time":"7:22","end_time":"7:24","text":"of internationals, it is in this"},{"index":200,"timestamp":"444","end_timestamp":"446","time":"7:24","end_time":"7:26","text":"situation that Trotsksky wrote his book"},{"index":201,"timestamp":"446","end_timestamp":"448","time":"7:26","end_time":"7:28","text":"on the eve of the Second"},{"index":202,"timestamp":"448","end_timestamp":"450","time":"7:28","end_time":"7:30","text":"World War to defend Marxism as"},{"index":203,"timestamp":"450","end_timestamp":"452","time":"7:30","end_time":"7:32","text":"a compass for the concrete action of"},{"index":204,"timestamp":"452","end_timestamp":"455","time":"7:32","end_time":"7:35","text":"workers to defend the achievements of"},{"index":205,"timestamp":"455","end_timestamp":"457","time":"7:35","end_time":"7:37","text":"the Russian Revolution against"},{"index":206,"timestamp":"457","end_timestamp":"460","time":"7:37","end_time":"7:40","text":"precisely those who betrayed him he did so"},{"index":207,"timestamp":"460","end_timestamp":"462","time":"7:40","end_time":"7:42","text":"in difficult conditions both from the"},{"index":208,"timestamp":"462","end_timestamp":"463","time":"7:42","end_time":"7:43","text":"point of view of the situation of"},{"index":209,"timestamp":"463","end_timestamp":"465","time":"7:43","end_time":"7:45","text":"workers all over the world and"},{"index":210,"timestamp":"465","end_timestamp":"467","time":"7:45","end_time":"7:47","text":"included in the USSR as well as from his own"},{"index":211,"timestamp":"469","end_timestamp":"471","time":"7:49","end_time":"7:51","text":"personal situation his family was"},{"index":212,"timestamp":"471","end_timestamp":"472","time":"7:51","end_time":"7:52","text":"persecuted his two sons were"},{"index":213,"timestamp":"472","end_timestamp":"475","time":"7:52","end_time":"7:55","text":"murdered and he himself will be assassinated"},{"index":214,"timestamp":"475","end_timestamp":"477","time":"7:55","end_time":"7:57","text":"by a Stalinist agent in 1940 but he"},{"index":215,"timestamp":"477","end_timestamp":"479","time":"7:57","end_time":"7:59","text":"fights to defend the achievements of Cte on"},{"index":216,"timestamp":"479","end_timestamp":"481","time":"7:59","end_time":"8:01","text":"behalf of all the workers of the"},{"index":217,"timestamp":"481","end_timestamp":"484","time":"8:01","end_time":"8:04","text":"whole world he writes to arm the young"},{"index":218,"timestamp":"484","end_timestamp":"486","time":"8:04","end_time":"8:06","text":"generations of this reflection with an"},{"index":219,"timestamp":"486","end_timestamp":"489","time":"8:06","end_time":"8:09","text":"organization the 4th international founded"},{"index":220,"timestamp":"489","end_timestamp":"491","time":"8:09","end_time":"8:11","text":"in 1938 to perpetuate the achievements of the"},{"index":221,"timestamp":"491","end_timestamp":"494","time":"8:11","end_time":"8:14","text":"Russian Revolution and generalize them on"},{"index":222,"timestamp":"494","end_timestamp":"495","time":"8:14","end_time":"8:15","text":"a"},{"index":223,"timestamp":"495","end_timestamp":"498","time":"8:15","end_time":"8:18","text":"global scale Stalin will dissolve the 3rd"},{"index":224,"timestamp":"498","end_timestamp":"500","time":"8:18","end_time":"8:20","text":"International in 1943 to send a"},{"index":225,"timestamp":"500","end_timestamp":"502","time":"8:20","end_time":"8:22","text":"signal of d\u00e9tente to the"},{"index":226,"timestamp":"502","end_timestamp":"504","time":"8:22","end_time":"8:24","text":"capitalist powers of the time, notably the"},{"index":227,"timestamp":"504","end_timestamp":"506","time":"8:24","end_time":"8:26","text":"United States of America and the United Kingdom"},{"index":228,"timestamp":"506","end_timestamp":"509","time":"8:26","end_time":"8:29","text":"and in 1947 I specified that he supported"},{"index":229,"timestamp":"509","end_timestamp":"511","time":"8:29","end_time":"8:31","text":"the creation of the State of Israel that he"},{"index":230,"timestamp":"511","end_timestamp":"513","time":"8:31","end_time":"8:33","text":"had the UN vote for the partition of"},{"index":231,"timestamp":"513","end_timestamp":"516","time":"8:33","end_time":"8:36","text":"Palestine which he had voted in 1948"},{"index":232,"timestamp":"516","end_timestamp":"518","time":"8:36","end_time":"8:38","text":"against resolution 184 evoking the"},{"index":233,"timestamp":"518","end_timestamp":"520","time":"8:38","end_time":"8:40","text":"right of return of"},{"index":234,"timestamp":"520","end_timestamp":"523","time":"8:40","end_time":"8:43","text":"Palestinian refugees and he will support the"},{"index":235,"timestamp":"523","end_timestamp":"525","time":"8:43","end_time":"8:45","text":"Zionist armed forces from their first"},{"index":236,"timestamp":"525","end_timestamp":"528","time":"8:45","end_time":"8:48","text":"attempt to expand the Israeli state"},{"index":237,"timestamp":"528","end_timestamp":"529","time":"8:48","end_time":"8:49","text":"against the historic positions of the"},{"index":238,"timestamp":"529","end_timestamp":"532","time":"8:49","end_time":"8:52","text":"Bolsheviks who in 1917 had abolished"},{"index":239,"timestamp":"532","end_timestamp":"535","time":"8:52","end_time":"8:55","text":"tsarist anti-Semitic discrimination"},{"index":240,"timestamp":"535","end_timestamp":"537","time":"8:55","end_time":"8:57","text":"so no Stalinism is not the"},{"index":241,"timestamp":"537","end_timestamp":"539","time":"8:57","end_time":"8:59","text":"fruit of Marxism it is on the contrary"},{"index":242,"timestamp":"539","end_timestamp":"541","time":"8:59","end_time":"9:01","text":"the liquidation not only of"},{"index":243,"timestamp":"541","end_timestamp":"544","time":"9:01","end_time":"9:04","text":"ideas but also of the achievements of"},{"index":244,"timestamp":"544","end_timestamp":"547","time":"9:04","end_time":"9:07","text":"people and objectives Trotsky in"},{"index":245,"timestamp":"547","end_timestamp":"551","time":"9:07","end_time":"9:11","text":"his book explaining"},{"index":246,"timestamp":"551","end_timestamp":"553","time":"9:11","end_time":"9:13","text":"that the first priority for"},{"index":247,"timestamp":"553","end_timestamp":"555","time":"9:13","end_time":"9:15","text":"Marxists is the increase in the"},{"index":248,"timestamp":"555","end_timestamp":"557","time":"9:15","end_time":"9:17","text":"capacity of workers to defend"},{"index":249,"timestamp":"557","end_timestamp":"559","time":"9:17","end_time":"9:19","text":"their conquests and achieve"},{"index":250,"timestamp":"559","end_timestamp":"561","time":"9:19","end_time":"9:21","text":"new ones indicates that Stalin's policy"},{"index":251,"timestamp":"561","end_timestamp":"563","time":"9:21","end_time":"9:23","text":"is I cite the main"},{"index":252,"timestamp":"563","end_timestamp":"565","time":"9:23","end_time":"9:25","text":"obstacle on the path to"},{"index":253,"timestamp":"565","end_timestamp":"568","time":"9:25","end_time":"9:28","text":"international revolution then those who declare"},{"index":254,"timestamp":"568","end_timestamp":"570","time":"9:28","end_time":"9:30","text":"that we must abandon uh today"},{"index":255,"timestamp":"570","end_timestamp":"571","time":"9:30","end_time":"9:31","text":"the objective of putting an end to"},{"index":256,"timestamp":"571","end_timestamp":"573","time":"9:31","end_time":"9:33","text":"capitalism with its crises and its"},{"index":257,"timestamp":"573","end_timestamp":"575","time":"9:33","end_time":"9:35","text":"wars under the pretext that Stalinism"},{"index":258,"timestamp":"575","end_timestamp":"577","time":"9:35","end_time":"9:37","text":"would be a product of Marxism well it"},{"index":259,"timestamp":"577","end_timestamp":"580","time":"9:37","end_time":"9:40","text":"actually capitulates to Stalinism"},{"index":260,"timestamp":"580","end_timestamp":"582","time":"9:40","end_time":"9:42","text":"and while condemning it they admit it"},{"index":261,"timestamp":"582","end_timestamp":"584","time":"9:42","end_time":"9:44","text":"just as they admit capitalism"},{"index":262,"timestamp":"584","end_timestamp":"586","time":"9:44","end_time":"9:46","text":"as an unsurpassable horizon to which we"},{"index":263,"timestamp":"586","end_timestamp":"587","time":"9:46","end_time":"9:47","text":"would be obliged to adapt quite"},{"index":264,"timestamp":"587","end_timestamp":"588","time":"9:47","end_time":"9:48","text":"simply because we do not could not"},{"index":265,"timestamp":"588","end_timestamp":"589","time":"9:48","end_time":"9:49","text":"do"},{"index":266,"timestamp":"589","end_timestamp":"592","time":"9:49","end_time":"9:52","text":"otherwise Stalin died in 1953 but the"},{"index":267,"timestamp":"592","end_timestamp":"594","time":"9:52","end_time":"9:54","text":"bureaucracy of which he was the champion"},{"index":268,"timestamp":"594","end_timestamp":"597","time":"9:54","end_time":"9:57","text":"will persist it will continue to use"},{"index":269,"timestamp":"597","end_timestamp":"599","time":"9:57","end_time":"9:59","text":"the same political means which like"},{"index":270,"timestamp":"599","end_timestamp":"600","time":"9:59","end_time":"10:00","text":"the Trotskys I quote prepares"},{"index":271,"timestamp":"600","end_timestamp":"602","time":"10:00","end_time":"10:02","text":"the general collapse of"},{"index":272,"timestamp":"602","end_timestamp":"604","time":"10:02","end_time":"10:04","text":"Soviet society and therefore the restoration of"},{"index":273,"timestamp":"604","end_timestamp":"605","time":"10:04","end_time":"10:05","text":"private property of the means of"},{"index":274,"timestamp":"605","end_timestamp":"608","time":"10:05","end_time":"10:08","text":"production in the USSR Trotsky explains it"},{"index":275,"timestamp":"608","end_timestamp":"611","time":"10:08","end_time":"10:11","text":"in his book either an"},{"index":276,"timestamp":"611","end_timestamp":"614","time":"10:11","end_time":"10:14","text":"internal political revolution in the USSR will drive out the"},{"index":277,"timestamp":"614","end_timestamp":"616","time":"10:14","end_time":"10:16","text":"parasitic bureaucracy"},{"index":278,"timestamp":"616","end_timestamp":"618","time":"10:16","end_time":"10:18","text":"or the restoration of capitalism"},{"index":279,"timestamp":"618","end_timestamp":"620","time":"10:18","end_time":"10:20","text":"will be the final consequence of this"},{"index":280,"timestamp":"620","end_timestamp":"622","time":"10:20","end_time":"10:22","text":"parasitism, this is what happened in"},{"index":281,"timestamp":"623","end_timestamp":"626","time":"10:23","end_time":"10:26","text":"1991 with the support outside the USSR"},{"index":282,"timestamp":"626","end_timestamp":"628","time":"10:26","end_time":"10:28","text":"of all the socialist parties allied"},{"index":283,"timestamp":"628","end_timestamp":"630","time":"10:28","end_time":"10:30","text":"to the bourgeois government the"},{"index":284,"timestamp":"630","end_timestamp":"632","time":"10:30","end_time":"10:32","text":"Stalinist bureaucracy then"},{"index":285,"timestamp":"632","end_timestamp":"635","time":"10:32","end_time":"10:35","text":"turned into mafia oligarchs plundering the"},{"index":286,"timestamp":"635","end_timestamp":"636","time":"10:35","end_time":"10:36","text":"wealth of the former"},{"index":287,"timestamp":"636","end_timestamp":"639","time":"10:36","end_time":"10:39","text":"socialist republics Putin in Russia and"},{"index":288,"timestamp":"639","end_timestamp":"641","time":"10:39","end_time":"10:41","text":"Zelensky in Ukraine are"},{"index":289,"timestamp":"641","end_timestamp":"643","time":"10:41","end_time":"10:43","text":"current representatives of these oligarchies"},{"index":290,"timestamp":"643","end_timestamp":"646","time":"10:43","end_time":"10:46","text":"resulting from Stalinism governing by"},{"index":291,"timestamp":"646","end_timestamp":"649","time":"10:46","end_time":"10:49","text":"corruption and authoritarianism Putin"},{"index":292,"timestamp":"649","end_timestamp":"651","time":"10:49","end_time":"10:51","text":"is quite well known as such and"},{"index":293,"timestamp":"651","end_timestamp":"654","time":"10:51","end_time":"10:54","text":"rightly Zelenski"},{"index":294,"timestamp":"654","end_timestamp":"657","time":"10:54","end_time":"10:57","text":"less well as he was singled out by his"},{"index":295,"timestamp":"657","end_timestamp":"659","time":"10:57","end_time":"10:59","text":"financial arrangements in the Pandora there"},{"index":296,"timestamp":"659","end_timestamp":"661","time":"10:59","end_time":"11:01","text":"the investigation of the international consortium"},{"index":297,"timestamp":"661","end_timestamp":"664","time":"11:01","end_time":"11:04","text":"of journalists investigation the"},{"index":298,"timestamp":"664","end_timestamp":"666","time":"11:04","end_time":"11:06","text":"main sponsor of zelenski Igor"},{"index":299,"timestamp":"666","end_timestamp":"668","time":"11:06","end_time":"11:08","text":"kolomoski is the richest oligarch"},{"index":300,"timestamp":"668","end_timestamp":"671","time":"11:08","end_time":"11:11","text":"in Ukraine main shareholder of the"},{"index":301,"timestamp":"671","end_timestamp":"673","time":"11:11","end_time":"11:13","text":"oil company burisma which employed"},{"index":302,"timestamp":"673","end_timestamp":"676","time":"11:13","end_time":"11:16","text":"Biden's son for 50,000 dollars per"},{"index":303,"timestamp":"676","end_timestamp":"679","time":"11:16","end_time":"11:19","text":"month he also has a television channel"},{"index":304,"timestamp":"679","end_timestamp":"682","time":"11:19","end_time":"11:22","text":"which since 2012 has paid 40 million"},{"index":305,"timestamp":"682","end_timestamp":"685","time":"11:22","end_time":"11:25","text":"dollars to zelenski who was an actor"},{"index":306,"timestamp":"685","end_timestamp":"688","time":"11:25","end_time":"11:28","text":"before and in power so zelenski"},{"index":307,"timestamp":"688","end_timestamp":"690","time":"11:28","end_time":"11:30","text":"came to power to close four"},{"index":308,"timestamp":"690","end_timestamp":"692","time":"11:30","end_time":"11:32","text":"opposition channels before February 2022 and two"},{"index":309,"timestamp":"692","end_timestamp":"694","time":"11:32","end_time":"11:34","text":"others after the start of the"},{"index":310,"timestamp":"694","end_timestamp":"697","time":"11:34","end_time":"11:37","text":"Russian invasion and on March 3, 2022 they are"},{"index":311,"timestamp":"697","end_timestamp":"699","time":"11:37","end_time":"11:39","text":"left-wing activists lisvisia in"},{"index":312,"timestamp":"699","end_timestamp":"701","time":"11:39","end_time":"11:41","text":"Ukraine who are imprisoned by the"},{"index":313,"timestamp":"701","end_timestamp":"704","time":"11:41","end_time":"11:44","text":"dozens on March 19, 2022 11"},{"index":314,"timestamp":"704","end_timestamp":"707","time":"11:44","end_time":"11:47","text":"left-wing parties are banned by zelanski who in"},{"index":315,"timestamp":"707","end_timestamp":"708","time":"11:47","end_time":"11:48","text":"the middle of war will pass two laws"},{"index":316,"timestamp":"708","end_timestamp":"711","time":"11:48","end_time":"11:51","text":"against workers they allow"},{"index":317,"timestamp":"711","end_timestamp":"713","time":"11:51","end_time":"11:53","text":"the boss to deviate from the minimum standards"},{"index":318,"timestamp":"713","end_timestamp":"714","time":"11:53","end_time":"11:54","text":"defined by the"},{"index":319,"timestamp":"714","end_timestamp":"716","time":"11:54","end_time":"11:56","text":"International Labor Organization therefore"},{"index":320,"timestamp":"716","end_timestamp":"717","time":"11:56","end_time":"11:57","text":"wages working time the"},{"index":321,"timestamp":"717","end_timestamp":"719","time":"11:57","end_time":"11:59","text":"conditions of the employment contract"},{"index":322,"timestamp":"719","end_timestamp":"721","time":"11:59","end_time":"12:01","text":"they allow the suspension of"},{"index":323,"timestamp":"721","end_timestamp":"722","time":"12:01","end_time":"12:02","text":"collective agreements which are designed"},{"index":324,"timestamp":"722","end_timestamp":"724","time":"12:02","end_time":"12:04","text":"to regulate to limit"},{"index":325,"timestamp":"724","end_timestamp":"726","time":"12:04","end_time":"12:06","text":"the exploitation of employees and they"},{"index":326,"timestamp":"726","end_timestamp":"727","time":"12:06","end_time":"12:07","text":"even allow the suspension of"},{"index":327,"timestamp":"727","end_timestamp":"729","time":"12:07","end_time":"12:09","text":"employment contracts and therefore remuneration"},{"index":328,"timestamp":"729","end_timestamp":"731","time":"12:09","end_time":"12:11","text":"while retaining the right to recall"},{"index":329,"timestamp":"731","end_timestamp":"733","time":"12:11","end_time":"12:13","text":"the employee if necessary they prohibit"},{"index":330,"timestamp":"733","end_timestamp":"735","time":"12:13","end_time":"12:15","text":"union street demonstrations and"},{"index":331,"timestamp":"735","end_timestamp":"737","time":"12:15","end_time":"12:17","text":"allow the Ukrainian state to"},{"index":332,"timestamp":"737","end_timestamp":"739","time":"12:17","end_time":"12:19","text":"confiscate the premises and property of the"},{"index":333,"timestamp":"739","end_timestamp":"741","time":"12:19","end_time":"12:21","text":"unions I believe that providing these"},{"index":334,"timestamp":"741","end_timestamp":"743","time":"12:21","end_time":"12:23","text":"elements of context perhaps allows us to"},{"index":335,"timestamp":"743","end_timestamp":"745","time":"12:23","end_time":"12:25","text":"think differently about the remarks made by"},{"index":336,"timestamp":"745","end_timestamp":"748","time":"12:25","end_time":"12:28","text":"Macron since on February 26"},{"index":337,"timestamp":"748","end_timestamp":"750","time":"12:28","end_time":"12:30","text":"when he considered the possibility that"},{"index":338,"timestamp":"750","end_timestamp":"752","time":"12:30","end_time":"12:32","text":"European countries including France would send"},{"index":339,"timestamp":"752","end_timestamp":"755","time":"12:32","end_time":"12:35","text":"troops to Ukraine we will come back to this we"},{"index":340,"timestamp":"755","end_timestamp":"756","time":"12:35","end_time":"12:36","text":"see it with Putin as with"},{"index":341,"timestamp":"756","end_timestamp":"758","time":"12:36","end_time":"12:38","text":"Zelensky if Stalinism"},{"index":342,"timestamp":"758","end_timestamp":"760","time":"12:38","end_time":"12:40","text":"collapsed as an"},{"index":343,"timestamp":"760","end_timestamp":"763","time":"12:40","end_time":"12:43","text":"international apparatus he did not disappeared as a"},{"index":344,"timestamp":"763","end_timestamp":"765","time":"12:43","end_time":"12:45","text":"negation of Marxism and a counter-"},{"index":345,"timestamp":"765","end_timestamp":"767","time":"12:45","end_time":"12:47","text":"revolutionary force and this is not the case"},{"index":346,"timestamp":"767","end_timestamp":"770","time":"12:47","end_time":"12:50","text":"only in Russia or in Ukraine on"},{"index":347,"timestamp":"770","end_timestamp":"773","time":"12:50","end_time":"12:53","text":"January 11 Fabien Roussel"},{"index":348,"timestamp":"773","end_timestamp":"775","time":"12:53","end_time":"12:55","text":"general secretary of the party which bears the"},{"index":349,"timestamp":"775","end_timestamp":"777","time":"12:55","end_time":"12:57","text":"name of the man whose manifesto was"},{"index":350,"timestamp":"777","end_timestamp":"780","time":"12:57","end_time":"13:00","text":"written by Marx and Engels this so-called"},{"index":351,"timestamp":"780","end_timestamp":"783","time":"13:00","end_time":"13:03","text":"communist therefore announces that he could"},{"index":352,"timestamp":"783","end_timestamp":"785","time":"13:03","end_time":"13:05","text":"enter the government of Macron and Atal"},{"index":353,"timestamp":"785","end_timestamp":"787","time":"13:05","end_time":"13:07","text":"I quote him I will always respond to a"},{"index":354,"timestamp":"787","end_timestamp":"789","time":"13:07","end_time":"13:09","text":"request which goes in the direction of"},{"index":355,"timestamp":"789","end_timestamp":"791","time":"13:09","end_time":"13:11","text":"defending the interest of the country of the"},{"index":356,"timestamp":"791","end_timestamp":"794","time":"13:11","end_time":"13:14","text":"workers they therefore confuse the interest"},{"index":357,"timestamp":"794","end_timestamp":"796","time":"13:14","end_time":"13:16","text":"of the country and the interest of the workers"},{"index":358,"timestamp":"796","end_timestamp":"797","time":"13:16","end_time":"13:17","text":"whereas the Marxist point of view"},{"index":359,"timestamp":"797","end_timestamp":"800","time":"13:17","end_time":"13:20","text":"is not the interest"},{"index":360,"timestamp":"800","end_timestamp":"802","time":"13:20","end_time":"13:22","text":"of the country and it is very abstract you have"},{"index":361,"timestamp":"802","end_timestamp":"803","time":"13:22","end_time":"13:23","text":"the interest of the capitalists of the"},{"index":362,"timestamp":"803","end_timestamp":"806","time":"13:23","end_time":"13:26","text":"whole world in this country and then you have"},{"index":363,"timestamp":"806","end_timestamp":"807","time":"13:26","end_time":"13:27","text":"the the interest of the workers of this country"},{"index":364,"timestamp":"807","end_timestamp":"809","time":"13:27","end_time":"13:29","text":"which first and foremost joins the interest of"},{"index":365,"timestamp":"809","end_timestamp":"811","time":"13:29","end_time":"13:31","text":"all workers around the world"},{"index":366,"timestamp":"811","end_timestamp":"813","time":"13:31","end_time":"13:33","text":"by proposing to enter"},{"index":367,"timestamp":"813","end_timestamp":"815","time":"13:33","end_time":"13:35","text":"Macron's government he proposes"},{"index":368,"timestamp":"815","end_timestamp":"817","time":"13:35","end_time":"13:37","text":"to enter what Marx himself"},{"index":369,"timestamp":"817","end_timestamp":"819","time":"13:37","end_time":"13:39","text":"described as a committee which manages the"},{"index":370,"timestamp":"819","end_timestamp":"821","time":"13:39","end_time":"13:41","text":"affairs communes of the"},{"index":371,"timestamp":"821","end_timestamp":"823","time":"13:41","end_time":"13:43","text":"bourgeois class and he does it under a"},{"index":372,"timestamp":"823","end_timestamp":"825","time":"13:43","end_time":"13:45","text":"communist label and therefore allegedly"},{"index":373,"timestamp":"825","end_timestamp":"827","time":"13:45","end_time":"13:47","text":"Marxist, is this not a"},{"index":374,"timestamp":"827","end_timestamp":"830","time":"13:47","end_time":"13:50","text":"continuation of"},{"index":375,"timestamp":"830","end_timestamp":"832","time":"13:50","end_time":"13:52","text":"Stalinism yet could we do"},{"index":376,"timestamp":"832","end_timestamp":"834","time":"13:52","end_time":"13:54","text":"nothing other than salute the relevance of"},{"index":377,"timestamp":"834","end_timestamp":"836","time":"13:54","end_time":"13:56","text":"Fabien Roussel's remarks on March 10 on"},{"index":378,"timestamp":"836","end_timestamp":"838","time":"13:56","end_time":"13:58","text":"Europe 1 when he compared the situation"},{"index":379,"timestamp":"838","end_timestamp":"840","time":"13:58","end_time":"14:00","text":"of Gazans in Sarevo and the"},{"index":380,"timestamp":"840","end_timestamp":"843","time":"14:00","end_time":"14:03","text":"Varsovi Ghto, too bad he produced a"},{"index":381,"timestamp":"843","end_timestamp":"845","time":"14:03","end_time":"14:05","text":"press release to regret this"},{"index":382,"timestamp":"845","end_timestamp":"847","time":"14:05","end_time":"14:07","text":"comparison, believing that it had"},{"index":383,"timestamp":"847","end_timestamp":"850","time":"14:07","end_time":"14:10","text":"no place and that I quote"},{"index":384,"timestamp":"850","end_timestamp":"852","time":"14:10","end_time":"14:12","text":"nothing could be compared to the Choa"},{"index":385,"timestamp":"852","end_timestamp":"855","time":"14:12","end_time":"14:15","text":"under penalty of relativizing it end of"},{"index":386,"timestamp":"855","end_timestamp":"858","time":"14:15","end_time":"14:18","text":"quote it is not the concern of"},{"index":387,"timestamp":"858","end_timestamp":"860","time":"14:18","end_time":"14:20","text":"all Jews or descendants of Jews"},{"index":388,"timestamp":"860","end_timestamp":"862","time":"14:20","end_time":"14:22","text":"persecuted by the Nazis and who"},{"index":389,"timestamp":"862","end_timestamp":"864","time":"14:22","end_time":"14:24","text":"today demonstrate against the Genocide"},{"index":390,"timestamp":"864","end_timestamp":"866","time":"14:24","end_time":"14:26","text":"of the Palestinians by shouting not in our"},{"index":391,"timestamp":"866","end_timestamp":"869","time":"14:26","end_time":"14:29","text":"name you remember from the unconditional"},{"index":392,"timestamp":"869","end_timestamp":"871","time":"14:29","end_time":"14:31","text":"therefore of the Stalinists to the young State"},{"index":393,"timestamp":"871","end_timestamp":"873","time":"14:31","end_time":"14:33","text":"of Israel from this point of view is"},{"index":394,"timestamp":"873","end_timestamp":"875","time":"14:33","end_time":"14:35","text":"Rousell not doing it again when he attacks"},{"index":395,"timestamp":"875","end_timestamp":"878","time":"14:35","end_time":"14:38","text":"Rima Hassan candidate of the"},{"index":396,"timestamp":"878","end_timestamp":"880","time":"14:38","end_time":"14:40","text":"Popular Union list for the Europeans"},{"index":397,"timestamp":"880","end_timestamp":"882","time":"14:40","end_time":"14:42","text":"by accusing her of not being on the"},{"index":398,"timestamp":"882","end_timestamp":"883","time":"14:42","end_time":"14:43","text":"line of the two States, the result of which we see"},{"index":399,"timestamp":"883","end_timestamp":"886","time":"14:43","end_time":"14:46","text":"today for Rousell, the"},{"index":400,"timestamp":"886","end_timestamp":"888","time":"14:46","end_time":"14:48","text":"one-state solution would not"},{"index":401,"timestamp":"888","end_timestamp":"890","time":"14:48","end_time":"14:50","text":"bring a political solution and"},{"index":402,"timestamp":"890","end_timestamp":"893","time":"14:50","end_time":"14:53","text":"peace. On this subject, I invite those who"},{"index":403,"timestamp":"893","end_timestamp":"895","time":"14:53","end_time":"14:55","text":"have not seen it to watch the session"},{"index":404,"timestamp":"895","end_timestamp":"896","time":"14:55","end_time":"14:56","text":"of Pierre Lambert's study circle"},{"index":405,"timestamp":"896","end_timestamp":"898","time":"14:56","end_time":"14:58","text":"devoted to the"},{"index":406,"timestamp":"898","end_timestamp":"899","time":"14:58","end_time":"14:59","text":"Palestinian question with regard to these"},{"index":407,"timestamp":"899","end_timestamp":"902","time":"14:59","end_time":"15:02","text":"European elections, how can we understand"},{"index":408,"timestamp":"902","end_timestamp":"903","time":"15:02","end_time":"15:03","text":"this recent exit of L\u00e9on des"},{"index":409,"timestamp":"903","end_timestamp":"906","time":"15:03","end_time":"15:06","text":"Fontaines as head of the PCF list"},{"index":410,"timestamp":"906","end_timestamp":"908","time":"15:06","end_time":"15:08","text":"claiming to make secularism a"},{"index":411,"timestamp":"908","end_timestamp":"911","time":"15:08","end_time":"15:11","text":"republican principle that he will carry very"},{"index":412,"timestamp":"911","end_timestamp":"912","time":"15:11","end_time":"15:12","text":"proudly then journalist"},{"index":413,"timestamp":"912","end_timestamp":"915","time":"15:12","end_time":"15:15","text":"questions him he reproaches the honor of the"},{"index":414,"timestamp":"915","end_timestamp":"918","time":"15:15","end_time":"15:18","text":"fountains to a part of the left"},{"index":415,"timestamp":"918","end_timestamp":"920","time":"15:18","end_time":"15:20","text":"for having forgotten the defense of"},{"index":416,"timestamp":"920","end_timestamp":"923","time":"15:20","end_time":"15:23","text":"secularism for having indulged in a form of"},{"index":417,"timestamp":"923","end_timestamp":"924","time":"15:23","end_time":"15:24","text":"communitarianism to seek out"},{"index":418,"timestamp":"924","end_timestamp":"927","time":"15:24","end_time":"15:27","text":"voters who bend to religions"},{"index":419,"timestamp":"927","end_timestamp":"929","time":"15:27","end_time":"15:29","text":"then he reproaches directly to"},{"index":420,"timestamp":"929","end_timestamp":"931","time":"15:29","end_time":"15:31","text":"rebellious France for not having barked with the"},{"index":421,"timestamp":"931","end_timestamp":"933","time":"15:31","end_time":"15:33","text":"government against the wearing of the BAA"},{"index":422,"timestamp":"933","end_timestamp":"934","time":"15:33","end_time":"15:34","text":"for having affirmed that it was not"},{"index":423,"timestamp":"934","end_timestamp":"936","time":"15:34","end_time":"15:36","text":"necessarily a religious sign because"},{"index":424,"timestamp":"936","end_timestamp":"938","time":"15:36","end_time":"15:38","text":"not recognized by this or that current of"},{"index":425,"timestamp":"938","end_timestamp":"942","time":"15:38","end_time":"15:42","text":"Islam today therefore after the"},{"index":426,"timestamp":"942","end_timestamp":"944","time":"15:42","end_time":"15:44","text":"immigration law passed in force while"},{"index":427,"timestamp":"944","end_timestamp":"945","time":"15:44","end_time":"15:45","text":"Muslim workers or suspected"},{"index":428,"timestamp":"945","end_timestamp":"948","time":"15:45","end_time":"15:48","text":"of being Muslims are the"},{"index":429,"timestamp":"948","end_timestamp":"950","time":"15:48","end_time":"15:50","text":"scapegoats of the Macronists of the so-called"},{"index":430,"timestamp":"950","end_timestamp":"951","time":"15:50","end_time":"15:51","text":"republicans and of course of the"},{"index":431,"timestamp":"951","end_timestamp":"954","time":"15:51","end_time":"15:54","text":"national gathering the PCF joins"},{"index":432,"timestamp":"954","end_timestamp":"956","time":"15:54","end_time":"15:56","text":"the pack with the objective of weakening"},{"index":433,"timestamp":"956","end_timestamp":"959","time":"15:56","end_time":"15:59","text":"rebellious France contributing to sow"},{"index":434,"timestamp":"959","end_timestamp":"960","time":"15:59","end_time":"16:00","text":"confusion and divide the workers of the"},{"index":435,"timestamp":"960","end_timestamp":"962","time":"16:00","end_time":"16:02","text":"country, isn't that a"},{"index":436,"timestamp":"962","end_timestamp":"964","time":"16:02","end_time":"16:04","text":"concentration of"},{"index":437,"timestamp":"964","end_timestamp":"966","time":"16:04","end_time":"16:06","text":"Stalinism, let's return to the war in"},{"index":438,"timestamp":"966","end_timestamp":"968","time":"16:06","end_time":"16:08","text":"Ukraine and its consequences in"},{"index":439,"timestamp":"968","end_timestamp":"971","time":"16:08","end_time":"16:11","text":"the National Assembly on Tuesday, March 12,"},{"index":440,"timestamp":"971","end_timestamp":"973","time":"16:11","end_time":"16:13","text":"so last week took place on"},{"index":441,"timestamp":"973","end_timestamp":"975","time":"16:13","end_time":"16:15","text":"consultative vote on the Macron"},{"index":442,"timestamp":"975","end_timestamp":"977","time":"16:15","end_time":"16:17","text":"Zelinki agreement preparing Ukraine's accession"},{"index":443,"timestamp":"977","end_timestamp":"978","time":"16:17","end_time":"16:18","text":"to NATO and the"},{"index":444,"timestamp":"978","end_timestamp":"981","time":"16:18","end_time":"16:21","text":"European Union and granting this year an"},{"index":445,"timestamp":"981","end_timestamp":"982","time":"16:21","end_time":"16:22","text":"additional 3 billion euros in"},{"index":446,"timestamp":"982","end_timestamp":"985","time":"16:22","end_time":"16:25","text":"military aid to the Zelenski regime of course"},{"index":447,"timestamp":"985","end_timestamp":"988","time":"16:25","end_time":"16:28","text":"the Macronist deputies have voted for I"},{"index":448,"timestamp":"988","end_timestamp":"990","time":"16:28","end_time":"16:30","text":"say of course not always the case with"},{"index":449,"timestamp":"990","end_timestamp":"993","time":"16:30","end_time":"16:33","text":"the centrist and LR deputies of course"},{"index":450,"timestamp":"993","end_timestamp":"994","time":"16:33","end_time":"16:34","text":"even if 12 abstained with the"},{"index":451,"timestamp":"994","end_timestamp":"997","time":"16:34","end_time":"16:37","text":"national rally but all the"},{"index":452,"timestamp":"997","end_timestamp":"999","time":"16:37","end_time":"16:39","text":"deputies of the Socialist Party voted"},{"index":453,"timestamp":"999","end_timestamp":"1001","time":"16:39","end_time":"16:41","text":"for with the Europe Ecology deputies"},{"index":454,"timestamp":"1001","end_timestamp":"1004","time":"16:41","end_time":"16:44","text":"The worm even if one voted against thus"},{"index":455,"timestamp":"1004","end_timestamp":"1007","time":"16:44","end_time":"16:47","text":"the Socialist Party French party of what"},{"index":456,"timestamp":"1007","end_timestamp":"1009","time":"16:47","end_time":"16:49","text":"remains of the 2nd international with"},{"index":457,"timestamp":"1009","end_timestamp":"1010","time":"16:49","end_time":"16:50","text":"the"},{"index":458,"timestamp":"1010","end_timestamp":"1012","time":"16:50","end_time":"16:52","text":"ecologists voted like the"},{"index":459,"timestamp":"1012","end_timestamp":"1014","time":"16:52","end_time":"16:54","text":"Macronists for the war then it no"},{"index":460,"timestamp":"1014","end_timestamp":"1016","time":"16:54","end_time":"16:56","text":"longer claims to be Marxist for"},{"index":461,"timestamp":"1016","end_timestamp":"1019","time":"16:56","end_time":"16:59","text":"some time but factually does"},{"index":462,"timestamp":"1019","end_timestamp":"1021","time":"16:59","end_time":"17:01","text":"it not bring us back to the problem of what"},{"index":463,"timestamp":"1021","end_timestamp":"1024","time":"17:01","end_time":"17:04","text":"Stalinism still is today I"},{"index":464,"timestamp":"1024","end_timestamp":"1025","time":"17:04","end_time":"17:05","text":"return to the historical position of"},{"index":465,"timestamp":"1025","end_timestamp":"1027","time":"17:05","end_time":"17:07","text":"this second international before the"},{"index":466,"timestamp":"1027","end_timestamp":"1029","time":"17:07","end_time":"17:09","text":"First World War that Trotsky"},{"index":467,"timestamp":"1029","end_timestamp":"1031","time":"17:09","end_time":"17:11","text":"recalls in his book in this other"},{"index":468,"timestamp":"1031","end_timestamp":"1034","time":"17:11","end_time":"17:14","text":"form we are defetist I quote we are"},{"index":469,"timestamp":"1034","end_timestamp":"1036","time":"17:14","end_time":"17:16","text":"defetist in the imperialist countries"},{"index":470,"timestamp":"1036","end_timestamp":"1038","time":"17:16","end_time":"17:18","text":"because we want to bring down the regime of"},{"index":471,"timestamp":"1038","end_timestamp":"1040","time":"17:18","end_time":"17:20","text":"private property and not because"},{"index":472,"timestamp":"1040","end_timestamp":"1043","time":"17:20","end_time":"17:23","text":"we want to punish any"},{"index":473,"timestamp":"1043","end_timestamp":"1045","time":"17:23","end_time":"17:25","text":"aggressor this is clearly not the"},{"index":474,"timestamp":"1045","end_timestamp":"1048","time":"17:25","end_time":"17:28","text":"position of Fran\u00e7ois Ruffin for whom I"},{"index":475,"timestamp":"1048","end_timestamp":"1050","time":"17:28","end_time":"17:30","text":"quote we must strengthen our"},{"index":476,"timestamp":"1050","end_timestamp":"1052","time":"17:30","end_time":"17:32","text":"military and civil assistance to Ukraine to"},{"index":477,"timestamp":"1052","end_timestamp":"1054","time":"17:32","end_time":"17:34","text":"allow it to defend its sovereignty,"},{"index":478,"timestamp":"1054","end_timestamp":"1055","time":"17:34","end_time":"17:35","text":"its independence and its"},{"index":479,"timestamp":"1055","end_timestamp":"1057","time":"17:35","end_time":"17:37","text":"territorial integrity Fran\u00e7ois Ruffin answers yes"},{"index":480,"timestamp":"1057","end_timestamp":"1059","time":"17:37","end_time":"17:39","text":"to Russia he continues Vladimir"},{"index":481,"timestamp":"1059","end_timestamp":"1061","time":"17:39","end_time":"17:41","text":"Putin threat to peace and"},{"index":482,"timestamp":"1061","end_timestamp":"1062","time":"17:41","end_time":"17:42","text":"international security should France and"},{"index":483,"timestamp":"1062","end_timestamp":"1064","time":"17:42","end_time":"17:44","text":"Europe build their"},{"index":484,"timestamp":"1064","end_timestamp":"1066","time":"17:44","end_time":"17:46","text":"defense yes and he concludes Ukraine"},{"index":485,"timestamp":"1066","end_timestamp":"1069","time":"17:46","end_time":"17:49","text":"expects the arming of the equipment of the"},{"index":486,"timestamp":"1069","end_timestamp":"1073","time":"17:49","end_time":"17:53","text":"material of the munitions no big"},{"index":487,"timestamp":"1073","end_timestamp":"1075","time":"17:53","end_time":"17:55","text":"declaration a bit the same position with"},{"index":488,"timestamp":"1075","end_timestamp":"1077","time":"17:55","end_time":"17:57","text":"Clementine tin who tweets on March 12 the"},{"index":489,"timestamp":"1077","end_timestamp":"1079","time":"17:57","end_time":"17:59","text":"day of the vote we must help the"},{"index":490,"timestamp":"1079","end_timestamp":"1081","time":"17:59","end_time":"18:01","text":"Ukrainians to defend themselves including"},{"index":491,"timestamp":"1081","end_timestamp":"1083","time":"18:01","end_time":"18:03","text":"militarily today today at the"},{"index":492,"timestamp":"1083","end_timestamp":"1084","time":"18:03","end_time":"18:04","text":"National Assembly the expression of this"},{"index":493,"timestamp":"1084","end_timestamp":"1087","time":"18:04","end_time":"18:07","text":"solidarity forcefully reasoned"},{"index":494,"timestamp":"1087","end_timestamp":"1088","time":"18:07","end_time":"18:08","text":"the urgency is that the government"},{"index":495,"timestamp":"1088","end_timestamp":"1091","time":"18:08","end_time":"18:11","text":"honors its word by delivering the material"},{"index":496,"timestamp":"1091","end_timestamp":"1094","time":"18:11","end_time":"18:14","text":"for which it is"},{"index":497,"timestamp":"1094","end_timestamp":"1096","time":"18:14","end_time":"18:16","text":"committed this also joins the position of the"},{"index":498,"timestamp":"1096","end_timestamp":"1099","time":"18:16","end_time":"18:19","text":"NPA which claims to be of Marxism or in"},{"index":499,"timestamp":"1099","end_timestamp":"1100","time":"18:19","end_time":"18:20","text":"any case assumes to be among its"},{"index":500,"timestamp":"1100","end_timestamp":"1103","time":"18:20","end_time":"18:23","text":"heirs with the ambition to surpass it"},{"index":501,"timestamp":"1103","end_timestamp":"1104","time":"18:23","end_time":"18:24","text":"by putting forward concepts such"},{"index":502,"timestamp":"1104","end_timestamp":"1107","time":"18:24","end_time":"18:27","text":"as anti-capitalism or"},{"index":503,"timestamp":"1107","end_timestamp":"1109","time":"18:27","end_time":"18:29","text":"eco-socialism for the pa support for"},{"index":504,"timestamp":"1109","end_timestamp":"1111","time":"18:29","end_time":"18:31","text":"Ukraine takes radical forms yes"},{"index":505,"timestamp":"1111","end_timestamp":"1113","time":"18:31","end_time":"18:33","text":"it we must deliver weapons to Ukraine and"},{"index":506,"timestamp":"1113","end_timestamp":"1115","time":"18:33","end_time":"18:35","text":"we must even integrate Ukraine into"},{"index":507,"timestamp":"1115","end_timestamp":"1117","time":"18:35","end_time":"18:37","text":"NATO and the European Union in"},{"index":508,"timestamp":"1117","end_timestamp":"1119","time":"18:37","end_time":"18:39","text":"their newspaper the Anticapitalist of"},{"index":509,"timestamp":"1119","end_timestamp":"1122","time":"18:39","end_time":"18:42","text":"February 22 the NPA writes I cite the victory"},{"index":510,"timestamp":"1122","end_timestamp":"1124","time":"18:42","end_time":"18:44","text":"against the Russian invasion cannot- to be"},{"index":511,"timestamp":"1124","end_timestamp":"1126","time":"18:44","end_time":"18:46","text":"simply military but it cannot do without"},{"index":512,"timestamp":"1126","end_timestamp":"1129","time":"18:46","end_time":"18:49","text":"weapons and we cannot"},{"index":513,"timestamp":"1129","end_timestamp":"1131","time":"18:49","end_time":"18:51","text":"say we are in solidarity against an aggression and"},{"index":514,"timestamp":"1131","end_timestamp":"1133","time":"18:51","end_time":"18:53","text":"oppose arms deliveries because"},{"index":515,"timestamp":"1133","end_timestamp":"1135","time":"18:53","end_time":"18:55","text":"they come from"},{"index":516,"timestamp":"1135","end_timestamp":"1137","time":"18:55","end_time":"18:57","text":"NATO I cannot resist this"},{"index":517,"timestamp":"1137","end_timestamp":"1139","time":"18:57","end_time":"18:59","text":"comment from Nicolas framon de tion"},{"index":518,"timestamp":"1139","end_timestamp":"1141","time":"18:59","end_time":"19:01","text":"magazine which says I discover the position"},{"index":519,"timestamp":"1141","end_timestamp":"1143","time":"19:01","end_time":"19:03","text":"of the NPA long live the European Union long live"},{"index":520,"timestamp":"1143","end_timestamp":"1145","time":"19:03","end_time":"19:05","text":"the war economy it has changed Trotskyism"},{"index":521,"timestamp":"1147","end_timestamp":"1149","time":"19:07","end_time":"19:09","text":"or"},{"index":522,"timestamp":"1149","end_timestamp":"1151","time":"19:09","end_time":"19:11","text":"today delivering weapons to Ukraine"},{"index":523,"timestamp":"1151","end_timestamp":"1153","time":"19:11","end_time":"19:13","text":"it is prolonged the massacre of hundreds"},{"index":524,"timestamp":"1153","end_timestamp":"1155","time":"19:13","end_time":"19:15","text":"of thousands of Ukrainians and Russians, is the"},{"index":525,"timestamp":"1155","end_timestamp":"1157","time":"19:15","end_time":"19:17","text":"success or failure of the"},{"index":526,"timestamp":"1157","end_timestamp":"1159","time":"19:17","end_time":"19:19","text":"military conquest of part of Ukraine by"},{"index":527,"timestamp":"1159","end_timestamp":"1162","time":"19:19","end_time":"19:22","text":"Putin's Russia worth such a"},{"index":528,"timestamp":"1162","end_timestamp":"1165","time":"19:22","end_time":"19:25","text":"price? Do Russian Ukrainian workers,"},{"index":529,"timestamp":"1165","end_timestamp":"1167","time":"19:25","end_time":"19:27","text":"like those around the world, have more"},{"index":530,"timestamp":"1167","end_timestamp":"1169","time":"19:27","end_time":"19:29","text":"precious than their life to be saved in"},{"index":531,"timestamp":"1169","end_timestamp":"1170","time":"19:29","end_time":"19:30","text":"this"},{"index":532,"timestamp":"1170","end_timestamp":"1172","time":"19:30","end_time":"19:32","text":"perspective visibly for Putin and"},{"index":533,"timestamp":"1172","end_timestamp":"1175","time":"19:32","end_time":"19:35","text":"Zelens yes as well as for Macron and his"},{"index":534,"timestamp":"1175","end_timestamp":"1178","time":"19:35","end_time":"19:38","text":"auxiliary Gluxman and above Biden"},{"index":535,"timestamp":"1178","end_timestamp":"1180","time":"19:38","end_time":"19:40","text":"but for"},{"index":536,"timestamp":"1180","end_timestamp":"1182","time":"19:40","end_time":"19:42","text":"Marxists as for NATO this"},{"index":537,"timestamp":"1182","end_timestamp":"1184","time":"19:42","end_time":"19:44","text":"organization for maintaining disorder"},{"index":538,"timestamp":"1184","end_timestamp":"1186","time":"19:44","end_time":"19:46","text":"organized by the United States of America"},{"index":539,"timestamp":"1186","end_timestamp":"1188","time":"19:46","end_time":"19:48","text":"how can Marxists"},{"index":540,"timestamp":"1188","end_timestamp":"1190","time":"19:48","end_time":"19:50","text":"call for its strengthening should we"},{"index":541,"timestamp":"1190","end_timestamp":"1192","time":"19:50","end_time":"19:52","text":"recall NATO's record in"},{"index":542,"timestamp":"1192","end_timestamp":"1194","time":"19:52","end_time":"19:54","text":"Yugoslavia in"},{"index":543,"timestamp":"1194","end_timestamp":"1196","time":"19:54","end_time":"19:56","text":"Afghanistan let us point out that Sweden"},{"index":544,"timestamp":"1196","end_timestamp":"1199","time":"19:56","end_time":"19:59","text":"officially joined NATO on March 7"},{"index":545,"timestamp":"1199","end_timestamp":"1201","time":"19:59","end_time":"20:01","text":"to prevent war and yet the"},{"index":546,"timestamp":"1201","end_timestamp":"1203","time":"20:01","end_time":"20:03","text":"Swedish government has just"},{"index":547,"timestamp":"1203","end_timestamp":"1205","time":"20:03","end_time":"20:05","text":"recommended to its population to store"},{"index":548,"timestamp":"1205","end_timestamp":"1207","time":"20:05","end_time":"20:07","text":"food and medicine for 3 months in the"},{"index":549,"timestamp":"1207","end_timestamp":"1209","time":"20:07","end_time":"20:09","text":"event of war with"},{"index":550,"timestamp":"1209","end_timestamp":"1212","time":"20:09","end_time":"20:12","text":"Russia as for the European Union this"},{"index":551,"timestamp":"1212","end_timestamp":"1213","time":"20:12","end_time":"20:13","text":"organization of destruction of"},{"index":552,"timestamp":"1213","end_timestamp":"1215","time":"20:13","end_time":"20:15","text":"social rights won in"},{"index":553,"timestamp":"1215","end_timestamp":"1216","time":"20:15","end_time":"20:16","text":"national frameworks of dismantling of"},{"index":554,"timestamp":"1216","end_timestamp":"1218","time":"20:16","end_time":"20:18","text":"public services of making"},{"index":555,"timestamp":"1218","end_timestamp":"1220","time":"20:18","end_time":"20:20","text":"markets available to foreign capital"},{"index":556,"timestamp":"1220","end_timestamp":"1222","time":"20:20","end_time":"20:22","text":"how can Marxists"},{"index":557,"timestamp":"1222","end_timestamp":"1224","time":"20:22","end_time":"20:24","text":"call for its"},{"index":558,"timestamp":"1224","end_timestamp":"1226","time":"20:24","end_time":"20:26","text":"strengthening, it is nevertheless on this"},{"index":559,"timestamp":"1226","end_timestamp":"1228","time":"20:26","end_time":"20:28","text":"basis that the NPA was not able to form an"},{"index":560,"timestamp":"1228","end_timestamp":"1230","time":"20:28","end_time":"20:30","text":"alliance with France, which is rebellious to the"},{"index":561,"timestamp":"1230","end_timestamp":"1232","time":"20:30","end_time":"20:32","text":"Europeans and this is not a stylistic effect"},{"index":562,"timestamp":"1232","end_timestamp":"1234","time":"20:32","end_time":"20:34","text":"to stand out in the"},{"index":563,"timestamp":"1234","end_timestamp":"1236","time":"20:34","end_time":"20:36","text":"perspective of the elections since already"},{"index":564,"timestamp":"1236","end_timestamp":"1239","time":"20:36","end_time":"20:39","text":"on February 25, 2023 more than a year ago"},{"index":565,"timestamp":"1239","end_timestamp":"1241","time":"20:39","end_time":"20:41","text":"the NPA had demonstrated with Renaissance"},{"index":566,"timestamp":"1241","end_timestamp":"1244","time":"20:41","end_time":"20:44","text":"the Macronist party for"},{"index":567,"timestamp":"1244","end_timestamp":"1246","time":"20:44","end_time":"20:46","text":"military support for Ukraine should we understand"},{"index":568,"timestamp":"1246","end_timestamp":"1248","time":"20:46","end_time":"20:48","text":"that if the NPA had entered"},{"index":569,"timestamp":"1248","end_timestamp":"1251","time":"20:48","end_time":"20:51","text":"the anupes had obtained a seat in"},{"index":570,"timestamp":"1251","end_timestamp":"1253","time":"20:51","end_time":"20:53","text":"the National Assembly Olivier Besancenau"},{"index":571,"timestamp":"1253","end_timestamp":"1256","time":"20:53","end_time":"20:56","text":"or Philippe Poutou or who do I"},{"index":572,"timestamp":"1256","end_timestamp":"1259","time":"20:56","end_time":"20:59","text":"know I don't know who would have voted for"},{"index":573,"timestamp":"1259","end_timestamp":"1261","time":"20:59","end_time":"21:01","text":"during this vote of March 12 with"},{"index":574,"timestamp":"1261","end_timestamp":"1264","time":"21:01","end_time":"21:04","text":"Renaissance with Olivier strong from the"},{"index":575,"timestamp":"1264","end_timestamp":"1267","time":"21:04","end_time":"21:07","text":"PS the decision for the NPA to"},{"index":576,"timestamp":"1267","end_timestamp":"1269","time":"21:07","end_time":"21:09","text":"absolutely choose a camp between Putin and"},{"index":577,"timestamp":"1269","end_timestamp":"1272","time":"21:09","end_time":"21:12","text":"NATO is probably of the same nature"},{"index":578,"timestamp":"1272","end_timestamp":"1274","time":"21:12","end_time":"21:14","text":"as the disagreements which led the 4th"},{"index":579,"timestamp":"1274","end_timestamp":"1275","time":"21:14","end_time":"21:15","text":"international to the sission in the early"},{"index":580,"timestamp":"1275","end_timestamp":"1278","time":"21:15","end_time":"21:18","text":"1950s. At the time there were those who"},{"index":581,"timestamp":"1278","end_timestamp":"1280","time":"21:18","end_time":"21:20","text":"felt that it was necessary to join the"},{"index":582,"timestamp":"1280","end_timestamp":"1284","time":"21:20","end_time":"21:24","text":"communist parties and therefore Stalinist to"},{"index":583,"timestamp":"1284","end_timestamp":"1286","time":"21:24","end_time":"21:26","text":"trying to straighten them out from the Interior"},{"index":584,"timestamp":"1286","end_timestamp":"1288","time":"21:26","end_time":"21:28","text":"thinking that there was no other choice"},{"index":585,"timestamp":"1288","end_timestamp":"1290","time":"21:28","end_time":"21:30","text":"than to choose a camp between the Eastern bloc"},{"index":586,"timestamp":"1290","end_timestamp":"1292","time":"21:30","end_time":"21:32","text":"and the Western bloc and that it was therefore"},{"index":587,"timestamp":"1292","end_timestamp":"1294","time":"21:32","end_time":"21:34","text":"necessary to defend and support the"},{"index":588,"timestamp":"1294","end_timestamp":"1297","time":"21:34","end_time":"21:37","text":"Eastern bloc among this you find"},{"index":589,"timestamp":"1297","end_timestamp":"1299","time":"21:37","end_time":"21:39","text":"those who then became the LCR and"},{"index":590,"timestamp":"1299","end_timestamp":"1302","time":"21:39","end_time":"21:42","text":"the NPA and there were those who"},{"index":591,"timestamp":"1302","end_timestamp":"1304","time":"21:42","end_time":"21:44","text":"determined who were determined"},{"index":592,"timestamp":"1304","end_timestamp":"1306","time":"21:44","end_time":"21:46","text":"not by the struggle between two blocs but"},{"index":593,"timestamp":"1306","end_timestamp":"1307","time":"21:46","end_time":"21:47","text":"always by the"},{"index":594,"timestamp":"1307","end_timestamp":"1309","time":"21:47","end_time":"21:49","text":"class struggle the struggle between two classes which"},{"index":595,"timestamp":"1309","end_timestamp":"1310","time":"21:49","end_time":"21:50","text":"were both present in"},{"index":596,"timestamp":"1310","end_timestamp":"1312","time":"21:50","end_time":"21:52","text":"each block among Cuxa you find"},{"index":597,"timestamp":"1312","end_timestamp":"1314","time":"21:52","end_time":"21:54","text":"us the 4th"},{"index":598,"timestamp":"1314","end_timestamp":"1316","time":"21:54","end_time":"21:56","text":"international in his book Trotsky"},{"index":599,"timestamp":"1316","end_timestamp":"1319","time":"21:56","end_time":"21:59","text":"drives the point home several times on"},{"index":600,"timestamp":"1319","end_timestamp":"1322","time":"21:59","end_time":"22:02","text":"this subject explaining we resolve I cite"},{"index":601,"timestamp":"1322","end_timestamp":"1324","time":"22:02","end_time":"22:04","text":"all the tasks that we set ourselves"},{"index":602,"timestamp":"1324","end_timestamp":"1326","time":"22:04","end_time":"22:06","text":"not by supporting certain"},{"index":603,"timestamp":"1326","end_timestamp":"1327","time":"22:06","end_time":"22:07","text":"governments imperialist against"},{"index":604,"timestamp":"1327","end_timestamp":"1330","time":"22:07","end_time":"22:10","text":"others but by the method of"},{"index":605,"timestamp":"1330","end_timestamp":"1332","time":"22:10","end_time":"22:12","text":"international class struggle our"},{"index":606,"timestamp":"1332","end_timestamp":"1333","time":"22:12","end_time":"22:13","text":"work must be aimed at ensuring that the"},{"index":607,"timestamp":"1333","end_timestamp":"1335","time":"22:13","end_time":"22:15","text":"workers do not allow themselves to be caught"},{"index":608,"timestamp":"1335","end_timestamp":"1337","time":"22:15","end_time":"22:17","text":"unawares and prepare the public opinion"},{"index":609,"timestamp":"1337","end_timestamp":"1339","time":"22:17","end_time":"22:19","text":"of their own class for the"},{"index":610,"timestamp":"1339","end_timestamp":"1342","time":"22:19","end_time":"22:22","text":"revolutionary settlement of the tasks that"},{"index":611,"timestamp":"1342","end_timestamp":"1344","time":"22:22","end_time":"22:24","text":"await us today still today this"},{"index":612,"timestamp":"1344","end_timestamp":"1346","time":"22:24","end_time":"22:26","text":"difference of appreciation between the NPA"},{"index":613,"timestamp":"1346","end_timestamp":"1348","time":"22:26","end_time":"22:28","text":"and us consisting for them in not"},{"index":614,"timestamp":"1348","end_timestamp":"1350","time":"22:28","end_time":"22:30","text":"starting from the specific existence of our"},{"index":615,"timestamp":"1350","end_timestamp":"1353","time":"22:30","end_time":"22:33","text":"social camp the working class therefore"},{"index":616,"timestamp":"1353","end_timestamp":"1355","time":"22:33","end_time":"22:35","text":"from its independent action but from the"},{"index":617,"timestamp":"1355","end_timestamp":"1357","time":"22:35","end_time":"22:37","text":"particularities of the government which"},{"index":618,"timestamp":"1357","end_timestamp":"1359","time":"22:37","end_time":"22:39","text":"oppresses them from among which we should"},{"index":619,"timestamp":"1359","end_timestamp":"1361","time":"22:39","end_time":"22:41","text":"choose the less bad this"},{"index":620,"timestamp":"1361","end_timestamp":"1362","time":"22:41","end_time":"22:42","text":"difference leads them to"},{"index":621,"timestamp":"1362","end_timestamp":"1365","time":"22:42","end_time":"22:45","text":"ignore that the enemy is in our"},{"index":622,"timestamp":"1365","end_timestamp":"1367","time":"22:45","end_time":"22:47","text":"own country and that the interest of the"},{"index":623,"timestamp":"1367","end_timestamp":"1368","time":"22:47","end_time":"22:48","text":"workers is not that of the"},{"index":624,"timestamp":"1368","end_timestamp":"1372","time":"22:48","end_time":"22:52","text":"capitalists this also leads them to"},{"index":625,"timestamp":"1372","end_timestamp":"1374","time":"22:52","end_time":"22:54","text":"ignore the very function of war from the"},{"index":626,"timestamp":"1374","end_timestamp":"1376","time":"22:54","end_time":"22:56","text":"capitalist point of view the newspaper"},{"index":627,"timestamp":"1376","end_timestamp":"1378","time":"22:56","end_time":"22:58","text":"employer Les \u00c9chos of March 12 which was"},{"index":628,"timestamp":"1378","end_timestamp":"1380","time":"22:58","end_time":"23:00","text":"cited in my workers' information"},{"index":629,"timestamp":"1380","end_timestamp":"1382","time":"23:00","end_time":"23:02","text":"indicated that France has become the"},{"index":630,"timestamp":"1382","end_timestamp":"1385","time":"23:02","end_time":"23:05","text":"second world exporter of arms"},{"index":631,"timestamp":"1385","end_timestamp":"1387","time":"23:05","end_time":"23:07","text":"taking the place of Russia in this"},{"index":632,"timestamp":"1387","end_timestamp":"1390","time":"23:07","end_time":"23:10","text":"ranking and it specifies the"},{"index":633,"timestamp":"1390","end_timestamp":"1391","time":"23:10","end_time":"23:11","text":"imports of arms into Europe have"},{"index":634,"timestamp":"1391","end_timestamp":"1394","time":"23:11","end_time":"23:14","text":"almost doubled and far from"},{"index":635,"timestamp":"1394","end_timestamp":"1395","time":"23:14","end_time":"23:15","text":"strategic autonomy American dependence"},{"index":636,"timestamp":"1395","end_timestamp":"1399","time":"23:15","end_time":"23:19","text":"reaches a peak 55% of"},{"index":637,"timestamp":"1399","end_timestamp":"1400","time":"23:19","end_time":"23:20","text":"arms imports by European countries"},{"index":638,"timestamp":"1400","end_timestamp":"1404","time":"23:20","end_time":"23:24","text":"come over the period 2019-2023 from the"},{"index":639,"timestamp":"1404","end_timestamp":"1407","time":"23:24","end_time":"23:27","text":"United States of America it was 35% in"},{"index":640,"timestamp":"1407","end_timestamp":"1408","time":"23:27","end_time":"23:28","text":"2014-208"},{"index":641,"timestamp":"1408","end_timestamp":"1410","time":"23:28","end_time":"23:30","text":"unsurprisingly The United States is the"},{"index":642,"timestamp":"1410","end_timestamp":"1413","time":"23:30","end_time":"23:33","text":"world's largest arms seller with"},{"index":643,"timestamp":"1413","end_timestamp":"1416","time":"23:33","end_time":"23:36","text":"deliveries to 107 countries from 2019 to"},{"index":644,"timestamp":"1416","end_timestamp":"1419","time":"23:36","end_time":"23:39","text":"2023, more than in"},{"index":645,"timestamp":"1419","end_timestamp":"1420","time":"23:39","end_time":"23:40","text":"any previous five-year period"},{"index":646,"timestamp":"1420","end_timestamp":"1422","time":"23:40","end_time":"23:42","text":"and far more than any other"},{"index":647,"timestamp":"1422","end_timestamp":"1425","time":"23:42","end_time":"23:45","text":"arms exporter."},{"index":648,"timestamp":"1425","end_timestamp":"1426","time":"23:45","end_time":"23:46","text":"war is a way for"},{"index":649,"timestamp":"1426","end_timestamp":"1428","time":"23:46","end_time":"23:48","text":"capitalists to find an outlet for"},{"index":650,"timestamp":"1428","end_timestamp":"1430","time":"23:48","end_time":"23:50","text":"investments not finding"},{"index":651,"timestamp":"1430","end_timestamp":"1432","time":"23:50","end_time":"23:52","text":"other profitable markets of course there"},{"index":652,"timestamp":"1432","end_timestamp":"1434","time":"23:52","end_time":"23:54","text":"would be enough to absorb all these"},{"index":653,"timestamp":"1434","end_timestamp":"1436","time":"23:54","end_time":"23:56","text":"billions to meet the needs of"},{"index":654,"timestamp":"1436","end_timestamp":"1438","time":"23:56","end_time":"23:58","text":"workers all over the world in"},{"index":655,"timestamp":"1438","end_timestamp":"1441","time":"23:58","end_time":"24:01","text":"2015 the Organization of United Nations"},{"index":656,"timestamp":"1441","end_timestamp":"1443","time":"24:01","end_time":"24:03","text":"Food and Agriculture Organization"},{"index":657,"timestamp":"1443","end_timestamp":"1445","time":"24:03","end_time":"24:05","text":"estimated that by investing"},{"index":658,"timestamp":"1445","end_timestamp":"1447","time":"24:05","end_time":"24:07","text":"$267 billion per year for 15"},{"index":659,"timestamp":"1447","end_timestamp":"1449","time":"24:07","end_time":"24:09","text":"years it would have been possible to eliminate the"},{"index":660,"timestamp":"1449","end_timestamp":"1452","time":"24:09","end_time":"24:12","text":"end in the world by 2030 - that's"},{"index":661,"timestamp":"1452","end_timestamp":"1454","time":"24:12","end_time":"24:14","text":"barely a third of the military budget of the"},{"index":662,"timestamp":"1454","end_timestamp":"1457","time":"24:14","end_time":"24:17","text":"United States of America but the"},{"index":663,"timestamp":"1457","end_timestamp":"1459","time":"24:17","end_time":"24:19","text":"profitability of satisfying the"},{"index":664,"timestamp":"1459","end_timestamp":"1460","time":"24:19","end_time":"24:20","text":"needs of the population is not"},{"index":665,"timestamp":"1460","end_timestamp":"1462","time":"24:20","end_time":"24:22","text":"sufficient so we must find"},{"index":666,"timestamp":"1462","end_timestamp":"1465","time":"24:22","end_time":"24:25","text":"other outlets and the war makes it possible to"},{"index":667,"timestamp":"1465","end_timestamp":"1466","time":"24:25","end_time":"24:26","text":"quickly sell"},{"index":668,"timestamp":"1466","end_timestamp":"1468","time":"24:26","end_time":"24:28","text":"large quantities of goods in"},{"index":669,"timestamp":"1468","end_timestamp":"1471","time":"24:28","end_time":"24:31","text":"this case weapons requiring"},{"index":670,"timestamp":"1471","end_timestamp":"1473","time":"24:31","end_time":"24:33","text":"production in large quantities, it is therefore"},{"index":671,"timestamp":"1473","end_timestamp":"1477","time":"24:33","end_time":"24:37","text":"a privileged lever for guaranteeing"},{"index":672,"timestamp":"1477","end_timestamp":"1479","time":"24:37","end_time":"24:39","text":"investments while mobilizing"},{"index":673,"timestamp":"1479","end_timestamp":"1481","time":"24:39","end_time":"24:41","text":"significant productive forces and"},{"index":674,"timestamp":"1481","end_timestamp":"1484","time":"24:41","end_time":"24:44","text":"mobilizing them for the purposes of destroying"},{"index":675,"timestamp":"1484","end_timestamp":"1486","time":"24:44","end_time":"24:46","text":"other productive forces,"},{"index":676,"timestamp":"1486","end_timestamp":"1488","time":"24:46","end_time":"24:48","text":"whether human labor force of"},{"index":677,"timestamp":"1488","end_timestamp":"1490","time":"24:48","end_time":"24:50","text":"factory goods which maintains"},{"index":678,"timestamp":"1490","end_timestamp":"1493","time":"24:50","end_time":"24:53","text":"the profitability of this type of"},{"index":679,"timestamp":"1493","end_timestamp":"1495","time":"24:53","end_time":"24:55","text":"economic activity for the future according to the Wall"},{"index":680,"timestamp":"1495","end_timestamp":"1498","time":"24:55","end_time":"24:58","text":"Street Journal a 155 mm shell which"},{"index":681,"timestamp":"1498","end_timestamp":"1502","time":"24:58","end_time":"25:02","text":"cost 2100 dollars in February 2022"},{"index":682,"timestamp":"1502","end_timestamp":"1505","time":"25:02","end_time":"25:05","text":"now costs 8400 dollars and yes the"},{"index":683,"timestamp":"1505","end_timestamp":"1508","time":"25:05","end_time":"25:08","text":"demand has increased and the supply is"},{"index":684,"timestamp":"1508","end_timestamp":"1510","time":"25:08","end_time":"25:10","text":"interested it is interested not"},{"index":685,"timestamp":"1510","end_timestamp":"1511","time":"25:10","end_time":"25:11","text":"to save the Ukrainians but to"},{"index":686,"timestamp":"1511","end_timestamp":"1513","time":"25:11","end_time":"25:13","text":"save the profits of"},{"index":687,"timestamp":"1513","end_timestamp":"1515","time":"25:13","end_time":"25:15","text":"capitalism that is why yes our"},{"index":688,"timestamp":"1515","end_timestamp":"1517","time":"25:15","end_time":"25:17","text":"priority is the ceasefire to"},{"index":689,"timestamp":"1517","end_timestamp":"1518","time":"25:17","end_time":"25:18","text":"guarantee the interests that I have just"},{"index":690,"timestamp":"1518","end_timestamp":"1520","time":"25:18","end_time":"25:20","text":"described in reverse the European Union,"},{"index":691,"timestamp":"1520","end_timestamp":"1522","time":"25:20","end_time":"25:22","text":"it is against the ceasefire"},{"index":692,"timestamp":"1522","end_timestamp":"1524","time":"25:22","end_time":"25:24","text":"like Macron who said it again to the leader of"},{"index":693,"timestamp":"1524","end_timestamp":"1526","time":"25:24","end_time":"25:26","text":"political parties when he received them"},{"index":694,"timestamp":"1526","end_timestamp":"1528","time":"25:26","end_time":"25:28","text":"2 weeks ago and on this occasion"},{"index":695,"timestamp":"1528","end_timestamp":"1531","time":"25:28","end_time":"25:31","text":"leaked information according to which"},{"index":696,"timestamp":"1531","end_timestamp":"1533","time":"25:31","end_time":"25:33","text":"Macron had informed that the Russia"},{"index":697,"timestamp":"1533","end_timestamp":"1536","time":"25:33","end_time":"25:36","text":"asked for a cease fire and he"},{"index":698,"timestamp":"1536","end_timestamp":"1537","time":"25:36","end_time":"25:37","text":"immediately responded that France"},{"index":699,"timestamp":"1537","end_timestamp":"1539","time":"25:37","end_time":"25:39","text":"could not accede to this request from"},{"index":700,"timestamp":"1539","end_timestamp":"1542","time":"25:39","end_time":"25:42","text":"Russia. Ruffin seems to ignore this"},{"index":701,"timestamp":"1542","end_timestamp":"1544","time":"25:42","end_time":"25:44","text":"information since in the world of"},{"index":702,"timestamp":"1544","end_timestamp":"1548","time":"25:44","end_time":"25:48","text":"March 16 he indicates that we must help the"},{"index":703,"timestamp":"1548","end_timestamp":"1550","time":"25:48","end_time":"25:50","text":"Ukrainians already to maintain their"},{"index":704,"timestamp":"1550","end_timestamp":"1551","time":"25:50","end_time":"25:51","text":"front line that their access to the sea be"},{"index":705,"timestamp":"1551","end_timestamp":"1553","time":"25:51","end_time":"25:53","text":"preserved by arms so that"},{"index":706,"timestamp":"1553","end_timestamp":"1555","time":"25:53","end_time":"25:55","text":"the weapons are weaved to bring Vladimir"},{"index":707,"timestamp":"1555","end_timestamp":"1559","time":"25:55","end_time":"25:59","text":"Putin back to the negotiating table"},{"index":708,"timestamp":"1559","end_timestamp":"1561","time":"25:59","end_time":"26:01","text":"by arms so that the"},{"index":709,"timestamp":"1561","end_timestamp":"1564","time":"26:01","end_time":"26:04","text":"weapons are weaved it is the exact opposite of this"},{"index":710,"timestamp":"1564","end_timestamp":"1566","time":"26:04","end_time":"26:06","text":"quote from Jores that I I saw it flourishing"},{"index":711,"timestamp":"1566","end_timestamp":"1567","time":"26:06","end_time":"26:07","text":"on social networks and that I"},{"index":712,"timestamp":"1567","end_timestamp":"1569","time":"26:07","end_time":"26:09","text":"checked anyway I quote we are not waging"},{"index":713,"timestamp":"1569","end_timestamp":"1571","time":"26:09","end_time":"26:11","text":"war to get rid of the"},{"index":714,"timestamp":"1571","end_timestamp":"1575","time":"26:11","end_time":"26:15","text":"war how many Ukrainians and Russians"},{"index":715,"timestamp":"1575","end_timestamp":"1576","time":"26:15","end_time":"26:16","text":"will die in the coming"},{"index":716,"timestamp":"1576","end_timestamp":"1578","time":"26:16","end_time":"26:18","text":"days for lack of refusal to cease the fire"},{"index":717,"timestamp":"1578","end_timestamp":"1581","time":"26:18","end_time":"26:21","text":"by Macron VL and"},{"index":718,"timestamp":"1581","end_timestamp":"1583","time":"26:21","end_time":"26:23","text":"Biden we can only deplore that"},{"index":719,"timestamp":"1583","end_timestamp":"1586","time":"26:23","end_time":"26:26","text":"organizations from currents which"},{"index":720,"timestamp":"1586","end_timestamp":"1587","time":"26:26","end_time":"26:27","text":"claimed or still claim to be"},{"index":721,"timestamp":"1587","end_timestamp":"1590","time":"26:27","end_time":"26:30","text":"Marxist or of Marxist inspiration"},{"index":722,"timestamp":"1590","end_timestamp":"1592","time":"26:30","end_time":"26:32","text":"ultimately side with this"},{"index":723,"timestamp":"1592","end_timestamp":"1594","time":"26:32","end_time":"26:34","text":"nationalist policy protective of the"},{"index":724,"timestamp":"1594","end_timestamp":"1597","time":"26:34","end_time":"26:37","text":"capitalist regime in reality"},{"index":725,"timestamp":"1597","end_timestamp":"1599","time":"26:37","end_time":"26:39","text":"in -beyond the speeches this"},{"index":726,"timestamp":"1599","end_timestamp":"1601","time":"26:39","end_time":"26:41","text":"nationalist policy is of the same nature as"},{"index":727,"timestamp":"1601","end_timestamp":"1604","time":"26:41","end_time":"26:44","text":"that which claims that the Israeli State has"},{"index":728,"timestamp":"1604","end_timestamp":"1606","time":"26:44","end_time":"26:46","text":"the right to self-defense it is"},{"index":729,"timestamp":"1606","end_timestamp":"1608","time":"26:46","end_time":"26:48","text":"of the same nature as that which consists of"},{"index":730,"timestamp":"1608","end_timestamp":"1610","time":"26:48","end_time":"26:50","text":"presenting Macron as a useful champion"},{"index":731,"timestamp":"1610","end_timestamp":"1612","time":"26:50","end_time":"26:52","text":"in the fight against extreme right"},{"index":732,"timestamp":"1612","end_timestamp":"1614","time":"26:52","end_time":"26:54","text":"yes we deplore it but we are"},{"index":733,"timestamp":"1614","end_timestamp":"1618","time":"26:54","end_time":"26:58","text":"not content to deplore it we act by the"},{"index":734,"timestamp":"1618","end_timestamp":"1620","time":"26:58","end_time":"27:00","text":"active defense of Marxism that is to say"},{"index":735,"timestamp":"1620","end_timestamp":"1621","time":"27:00","end_time":"27:01","text":"by the grouping of those who"},{"index":736,"timestamp":"1621","end_timestamp":"1623","time":"27:01","end_time":"27:03","text":"do not intend to give in to this pressure"},{"index":737,"timestamp":"1623","end_timestamp":"1625","time":"27:03","end_time":"27:05","text":"at this time if there is there are many who are"},{"index":738,"timestamp":"1625","end_timestamp":"1627","time":"27:05","end_time":"27:07","text":"coming together to not let themselves be pushed around and"},{"index":739,"timestamp":"1627","end_timestamp":"1628","time":"27:07","end_time":"27:08","text":"to win, these are the teachers"},{"index":740,"timestamp":"1628","end_timestamp":"1631","time":"27:08","end_time":"27:11","text":"of Saint Saint-Denis starting from their"},{"index":741,"timestamp":"1631","end_timestamp":"1634","time":"27:11","end_time":"27:14","text":"mobilization how to understand"},{"index":742,"timestamp":"1634","end_timestamp":"1636","time":"27:14","end_time":"27:16","text":"the obstinacy of the management of the"},{"index":743,"timestamp":"1636","end_timestamp":"1637","time":"27:16","end_time":"27:17","text":"majority unions in"},{"index":744,"timestamp":"1637","end_timestamp":"1639","time":"27:17","end_time":"27:19","text":"education to circumscribe their strike"},{"index":745,"timestamp":"1639","end_timestamp":"1643","time":"27:19","end_time":"27:23","text":"and their demand at 93 in the only"},{"index":746,"timestamp":"1643","end_timestamp":"1645","time":"27:23","end_time":"27:25","text":"scene its how to understand their"},{"index":747,"timestamp":"1645","end_timestamp":"1647","time":"27:25","end_time":"27:27","text":"distrust and their refusal to these unions to"},{"index":748,"timestamp":"1647","end_timestamp":"1649","time":"27:27","end_time":"27:29","text":"these union management to call for"},{"index":749,"timestamp":"1650","end_timestamp":"1652","time":"27:30","end_time":"27:32","text":"general assemblies everywhere so that the"},{"index":750,"timestamp":"1652","end_timestamp":"1655","time":"27:32","end_time":"27:35","text":"staff decide and control their"},{"index":751,"timestamp":"1655","end_timestamp":"1657","time":"27:35","end_time":"27:37","text":"mobilization why fear the"},{"index":752,"timestamp":"1657","end_timestamp":"1660","time":"27:37","end_time":"27:40","text":"contagion of the strike what is the point of this"},{"index":753,"timestamp":"1660","end_timestamp":"1662","time":"27:40","end_time":"27:42","text":"desire to subordinate the movement of"},{"index":754,"timestamp":"1662","end_timestamp":"1663","time":"27:42","end_time":"27:43","text":"these tens of thousands of teachers"},{"index":755,"timestamp":"1663","end_timestamp":"1666","time":"27:43","end_time":"27:46","text":"who demand resources from the government,"},{"index":756,"timestamp":"1666","end_timestamp":"1668","time":"27:46","end_time":"27:48","text":"it has every interest in breaking up the"},{"index":757,"timestamp":"1668","end_timestamp":"1670","time":"27:48","end_time":"27:50","text":"workers' struggle, this reduces the"},{"index":758,"timestamp":"1670","end_timestamp":"1671","time":"27:50","end_time":"27:51","text":"power of this struggle but from the point"},{"index":759,"timestamp":"1671","end_timestamp":"1674","time":"27:51","end_time":"27:54","text":"of view of the workers what is the interest"},{"index":760,"timestamp":"1674","end_timestamp":"1675","time":"27:54","end_time":"27:55","text":"other than that of protecting the government policy"},{"index":761,"timestamp":"1677","end_timestamp":"1678","time":"27:57","end_time":"27:58","text":"yes the union leaderships while they"},{"index":762,"timestamp":"1678","end_timestamp":"1680","time":"27:58","end_time":"28:00","text":"have the CAPAC the capacity to"},{"index":763,"timestamp":"1680","end_timestamp":"1682","time":"28:00","end_time":"28:02","text":"influence the situation shows in"},{"index":764,"timestamp":"1682","end_timestamp":"1684","time":"28:02","end_time":"28:04","text":"certain circumstances which"},{"index":765,"timestamp":"1684","end_timestamp":"1686","time":"28:04","end_time":"28:06","text":"unfortunately tend to become the norm"},{"index":766,"timestamp":"1686","end_timestamp":"1688","time":"28:06","end_time":"28:08","text":"that it refuses to destabilize the"},{"index":767,"timestamp":"1688","end_timestamp":"1692","time":"28:08","end_time":"28:12","text":"regime on the contrary the failures of all"},{"index":768,"timestamp":"1692","end_timestamp":"1694","time":"28:12","end_time":"28:14","text":"attempts to humanize or attenuate"},{"index":769,"timestamp":"1694","end_timestamp":"1696","time":"28:14","end_time":"28:16","text":"capitalism should they not"},{"index":770,"timestamp":"1696","end_timestamp":"1698","time":"28:16","end_time":"28:18","text":"lead us to support the struggle of"},{"index":771,"timestamp":"1698","end_timestamp":"1700","time":"28:18","end_time":"28:20","text":"workers for a total and"},{"index":772,"timestamp":"1700","end_timestamp":"1701","time":"28:20","end_time":"28:21","text":"complete break with"},{"index":773,"timestamp":"1701","end_timestamp":"1704","time":"28:21","end_time":"28:24","text":"capitalism in the face of the staffs who"},{"index":774,"timestamp":"1704","end_timestamp":"1706","time":"28:24","end_time":"28:26","text":"give in under the pressure of you not"},{"index":775,"timestamp":"1706","end_timestamp":"1708","time":"28:26","end_time":"28:28","text":"consider grassroots democracy as a"},{"index":776,"timestamp":"1708","end_timestamp":"1711","time":"28:28","end_time":"28:31","text":"means and objective of this"},{"index":777,"timestamp":"1711","end_timestamp":"1714","time":"28:31","end_time":"28:34","text":"rupture the defense of Marxism implies"},{"index":778,"timestamp":"1714","end_timestamp":"1717","time":"28:34","end_time":"28:37","text":"discussing these questions do we want to"},{"index":779,"timestamp":"1717","end_timestamp":"1719","time":"28:37","end_time":"28:39","text":"philosophize do we want a policy"},{"index":780,"timestamp":"1719","end_timestamp":"1721","time":"28:39","end_time":"28:41","text":"which obtains sentence adjustments"},{"index":781,"timestamp":"1721","end_timestamp":"1723","time":"28:41","end_time":"28:43","text":"for workers or do"},{"index":782,"timestamp":"1723","end_timestamp":"1725","time":"28:43","end_time":"28:45","text":"we want the victory of the struggle of the"},{"index":783,"timestamp":"1725","end_timestamp":"1726","time":"28:45","end_time":"28:46","text":"oppressed for their"},{"index":784,"timestamp":"1726","end_timestamp":"1729","time":"28:46","end_time":"28:49","text":"emancipation this brings us to help the"},{"index":785,"timestamp":"1729","end_timestamp":"1731","time":"28:49","end_time":"28:51","text":"political regrouping of those who"},{"index":786,"timestamp":"1731","end_timestamp":"1733","time":"28:51","end_time":"28:53","text":"act and seek to act in"},{"index":787,"timestamp":"1733","end_timestamp":"1734","time":"28:53","end_time":"28:54","text":"the interest of the greatest number, therefore of"},{"index":788,"timestamp":"1734","end_timestamp":"1736","time":"28:54","end_time":"28:56","text":"workers against the fate that"},{"index":789,"timestamp":"1736","end_timestamp":"1739","time":"28:56","end_time":"28:59","text":"governments impose on them and their reservations,"},{"index":790,"timestamp":"1739","end_timestamp":"1742","time":"28:59","end_time":"29:02","text":"they claim to be Marxists or not,"},{"index":791,"timestamp":"1742","end_timestamp":"1744","time":"29:02","end_time":"29:04","text":"they are motivated or not by the refusal of"},{"index":792,"timestamp":"1744","end_timestamp":"1746","time":"29:04","end_time":"29:06","text":"the Stalinist imposture but their"},{"index":793,"timestamp":"1746","end_timestamp":"1749","time":"29:06","end_time":"29:09","text":"mobilization is the natural movement"},{"index":794,"timestamp":"1749","end_timestamp":"1752","time":"29:09","end_time":"29:12","text":"that Marxism calls to"},{"index":795,"timestamp":"1752","end_timestamp":"1754","time":"29:12","end_time":"29:14","text":"help from this point of view there is this"},{"index":796,"timestamp":"1754","end_timestamp":"1756","time":"29:14","end_time":"29:16","text":"movement which is France insoumise"},{"index":797,"timestamp":"1756","end_timestamp":"1759","time":"29:16","end_time":"29:19","text":"which is not Marxist but as proven"},{"index":798,"timestamp":"1759","end_timestamp":"1761","time":"29:19","end_time":"29:21","text":"during the pensions battle this"},{"index":799,"timestamp":"1761","end_timestamp":"1762","time":"29:21","end_time":"29:22","text":"movement feeds on the struggle of"},{"index":800,"timestamp":"1762","end_timestamp":"1764","time":"29:22","end_time":"29:24","text":"workers to determine its"},{"index":801,"timestamp":"1765","end_timestamp":"1767","time":"29:25","end_time":"29:27","text":"political orientation and becomes the sounding board"},{"index":802,"timestamp":"1767","end_timestamp":"1769","time":"29:27","end_time":"29:29","text":"for this struggle even in the"},{"index":803,"timestamp":"1769","end_timestamp":"1771","time":"29:29","end_time":"29:31","text":"National Assembly where it has determined its"},{"index":804,"timestamp":"1771","end_timestamp":"1773","time":"29:31","end_time":"29:33","text":"parliamentary action in the service of the strike"},{"index":805,"timestamp":"1773","end_timestamp":"1775","time":"29:33","end_time":"29:35","text":"without subordinating itself to the policy of the"},{"index":806,"timestamp":"1775","end_timestamp":"1777","time":"29:35","end_time":"29:37","text":"union leaderships whose we"},{"index":807,"timestamp":"1777","end_timestamp":"1778","time":"29:37","end_time":"29:38","text":"cannot say that it was very effective"},{"index":808,"timestamp":"1778","end_timestamp":"1781","time":"29:38","end_time":"29:41","text":"on pensions, on the contrary LFI"},{"index":809,"timestamp":"1781","end_timestamp":"1783","time":"29:41","end_time":"29:43","text":"cares about being in tune with what"},{"index":810,"timestamp":"1783","end_timestamp":"1785","time":"29:43","end_time":"29:45","text":"the base thinks in the"},{"index":811,"timestamp":"1785","end_timestamp":"1787","time":"29:45","end_time":"29:47","text":"general assemblies in the demonstrations in"},{"index":812,"timestamp":"1787","end_timestamp":"1789","time":"29:47","end_time":"29:49","text":"the blockages and it has mobilized its"},{"index":813,"timestamp":"1789","end_timestamp":"1791","time":"29:49","end_time":"29:51","text":"resources to support the strikers"},{"index":814,"timestamp":"1791","end_timestamp":"1794","time":"29:51","end_time":"29:54","text":"with great efficiency LFI fights"},{"index":815,"timestamp":"1794","end_timestamp":"1795","time":"29:54","end_time":"29:55","text":"with precision and Constancy the"},{"index":816,"timestamp":"1795","end_timestamp":"1798","time":"29:55","end_time":"29:58","text":"propaganda of the regime and therefore helps to"},{"index":817,"timestamp":"1798","end_timestamp":"1800","time":"29:58","end_time":"30:00","text":"resist the pressure which is exerted to"},{"index":818,"timestamp":"1800","end_timestamp":"1802","time":"30:00","end_time":"30:02","text":"weaken the struggle to turn away from the"},{"index":819,"timestamp":"1802","end_timestamp":"1803","time":"30:02","end_time":"30:03","text":"own interests of the workers"},{"index":820,"timestamp":"1803","end_timestamp":"1806","time":"30:03","end_time":"30:06","text":"whether in the name of debt or war"},{"index":821,"timestamp":"1806","end_timestamp":"1809","time":"30:06","end_time":"30:09","text":"from October 7, LFI was the only"},{"index":822,"timestamp":"1809","end_timestamp":"1810","time":"30:09","end_time":"30:10","text":"political force represented in"},{"index":823,"timestamp":"1810","end_timestamp":"1812","time":"30:10","end_time":"30:12","text":"the National Assembly to deliver the only"},{"index":824,"timestamp":"1812","end_timestamp":"1814","time":"30:12","end_time":"30:14","text":"speech that allowed appeasement and"},{"index":825,"timestamp":"1814","end_timestamp":"1816","time":"30:14","end_time":"30:16","text":"discussion to break with the cycle"},{"index":826,"timestamp":"1816","end_timestamp":"1818","time":"30:16","end_time":"30:18","text":"of violence in Palestine and"},{"index":827,"timestamp":"1818","end_timestamp":"1819","time":"30:18","end_time":"30:19","text":"Ukraine."},{"index":828,"timestamp":"1819","end_timestamp":"1821","time":"30:19","end_time":"30:21","text":"It voted against the"},{"index":829,"timestamp":"1821","end_timestamp":"1824","time":"30:21","end_time":"30:24","text":"Macron's vatangare position for all these reasons LFI"},{"index":830,"timestamp":"1824","end_timestamp":"1826","time":"30:24","end_time":"30:26","text":"meets the assent of millions"},{"index":831,"timestamp":"1826","end_timestamp":"1827","time":"30:26","end_time":"30:27","text":"especially during electoral periods"},{"index":832,"timestamp":"1827","end_timestamp":"1829","time":"30:27","end_time":"30:29","text":"but also in moments when the"},{"index":833,"timestamp":"1829","end_timestamp":"1830","time":"30:29","end_time":"30:30","text":"class struggle takes the form of"},{"index":834,"timestamp":"1830","end_timestamp":"1833","time":"30:30","end_time":"30:33","text":"intense strike it follows that Marxists"},{"index":835,"timestamp":"1833","end_timestamp":"1835","time":"30:33","end_time":"30:35","text":"not only cannot be"},{"index":836,"timestamp":"1835","end_timestamp":"1838","time":"30:35","end_time":"30:38","text":"indifferent nor turn our backs on it but"},{"index":837,"timestamp":"1838","end_timestamp":"1840","time":"30:38","end_time":"30:40","text":"on the contrary have every interest in its"},{"index":838,"timestamp":"1840","end_timestamp":"1842","time":"30:40","end_time":"30:42","text":"strengthening, this is the reason"},{"index":839,"timestamp":"1842","end_timestamp":"1843","time":"30:42","end_time":"30:43","text":"why the Marxists that we are"},{"index":840,"timestamp":"1843","end_timestamp":"1845","time":"30:43","end_time":"30:45","text":"are totally involved in"},{"index":841,"timestamp":"1845","end_timestamp":"1847","time":"30:45","end_time":"30:47","text":"rebellious France, participating in its"},{"index":842,"timestamp":"1847","end_timestamp":"1850","time":"30:47","end_time":"30:50","text":"strengthening in the action groups,"},{"index":843,"timestamp":"1850","end_timestamp":"1852","time":"30:50","end_time":"30:52","text":"including by taking up the deadlines"},{"index":844,"timestamp":"1852","end_timestamp":"1855","time":"30:52","end_time":"30:55","text":"electoral even though victories"},{"index":845,"timestamp":"1855","end_timestamp":"1858","time":"30:55","end_time":"30:58","text":"at the polls in France will"},{"index":846,"timestamp":"1858","end_timestamp":"1859","time":"30:58","end_time":"30:59","text":"probably not be enough to overthrow"},{"index":847,"timestamp":"1859","end_timestamp":"1861","time":"30:59","end_time":"31:01","text":"capitalism we do not forget"},{"index":848,"timestamp":"1861","end_timestamp":"1864","time":"31:01","end_time":"31:04","text":"the experience of mitteran even on an"},{"index":849,"timestamp":"1864","end_timestamp":"1866","time":"31:04","end_time":"31:06","text":"explicit program of rupture with"},{"index":850,"timestamp":"1866","end_timestamp":"1868","time":"31:06","end_time":"31:08","text":"capitalism will an electoral victory"},{"index":851,"timestamp":"1868","end_timestamp":"1870","time":"31:08","end_time":"31:10","text":"be enough for this that the"},{"index":852,"timestamp":"1870","end_timestamp":"1873","time":"31:10","end_time":"31:13","text":"capitalists abandon power equipped"},{"index":853,"timestamp":"1873","end_timestamp":"1876","time":"31:13","end_time":"31:16","text":"with the experience of the past of the betrayals"},{"index":854,"timestamp":"1876","end_timestamp":"1878","time":"31:16","end_time":"31:18","text":"of the defeats but also of the victories"},{"index":855,"timestamp":"1878","end_timestamp":"1880","time":"31:18","end_time":"31:20","text":"which led, as in 1917, to the"},{"index":856,"timestamp":"1880","end_timestamp":"1882","time":"31:20","end_time":"31:22","text":"most important world conquests of the"},{"index":857,"timestamp":"1882","end_timestamp":"1884","time":"31:22","end_time":"31:24","text":"workers, we believe that there will be"},{"index":858,"timestamp":"1884","end_timestamp":"1887","time":"31:24","end_time":"31:27","text":"no outcome without overthrowing by the"},{"index":859,"timestamp":"1887","end_timestamp":"1889","time":"31:27","end_time":"31:29","text":"means of class struggle"},{"index":860,"timestamp":"1889","end_timestamp":"1892","time":"31:29","end_time":"31:32","text":"completely overthrow definitively and"},{"index":861,"timestamp":"1892","end_timestamp":"1894","time":"31:32","end_time":"31:34","text":"globally capitalism which is at"},{"index":862,"timestamp":"1894","end_timestamp":"1897","time":"31:34","end_time":"31:37","text":"the origin of the advanced decomposition of"},{"index":863,"timestamp":"1897","end_timestamp":"1900","time":"31:37","end_time":"31:40","text":"all sections of society"},{"index":864,"timestamp":"1900","end_timestamp":"1902","time":"31:40","end_time":"31:42","text":"Marx's position and therefore ours the emancipation"},{"index":865,"timestamp":"1902","end_timestamp":"1904","time":"31:42","end_time":"31:44","text":"of workers will be the work of the"},{"index":866,"timestamp":"1904","end_timestamp":"1906","time":"31:44","end_time":"31:46","text":"workers themselves it is not"},{"index":867,"timestamp":"1906","end_timestamp":"1908","time":"31:46","end_time":"31:48","text":"the Marxists who make revolutions"},{"index":868,"timestamp":"1908","end_timestamp":"1911","time":"31:48","end_time":"31:51","text":"it is the masses integrating the"},{"index":869,"timestamp":"1911","end_timestamp":"1913","time":"31:51","end_time":"31:53","text":"reflection that Trotsky presents in"},{"index":870,"timestamp":"1913","end_timestamp":"1915","time":"31:53","end_time":"31:55","text":"his book analyzing"},{"index":871,"timestamp":"1915","end_timestamp":"1917","time":"31:55","end_time":"31:57","text":"concrete situations concretely with a"},{"index":872,"timestamp":"1917","end_timestamp":"1918","time":"31:57","end_time":"31:58","text":"class point of view"},{"index":873,"timestamp":"1918","end_timestamp":"1920","time":"31:58","end_time":"32:00","text":"is understanding why he founded the"},{"index":874,"timestamp":"1920","end_timestamp":"1922","time":"32:00","end_time":"32:02","text":"4th International and it is"},{"index":875,"timestamp":"1922","end_timestamp":"1924","time":"32:02","end_time":"32:04","text":"organizing oneself to help"},{"index":876,"timestamp":"1924","end_timestamp":"1926","time":"32:04","end_time":"32:06","text":"the workers win today against their"},{"index":877,"timestamp":"1926","end_timestamp":"1928","time":"32:06","end_time":"32:08","text":"own government to make it"},{"index":878,"timestamp":"1928","end_timestamp":"1930","time":"32:08","end_time":"32:10","text":"retreat on the front of the"},{"index":879,"timestamp":"1930","end_timestamp":"1932","time":"32:10","end_time":"32:12","text":"social war it is waging against the population"},{"index":880,"timestamp":"1932","end_timestamp":"1934","time":"32:12","end_time":"32:14","text":"and to defeat to the"},{"index":881,"timestamp":"1934","end_timestamp":"1936","time":"32:14","end_time":"32:16","text":"military war escalation in which he"},{"index":882,"timestamp":"1936","end_timestamp":"1938","time":"32:16","end_time":"32:18","text":"wants to drag us and overthrow"},{"index":883,"timestamp":"1938","end_timestamp":"1940","time":"32:18","end_time":"32:20","text":"capitalism which begins by"},{"index":884,"timestamp":"1940","end_timestamp":"1943","time":"32:20","end_time":"32:23","text":"giving himself the means by regrouping by"},{"index":885,"timestamp":"1943","end_timestamp":"1944","time":"32:23","end_time":"32:24","text":"organizing by"},{"index":886,"timestamp":"1944","end_timestamp":"1948","time":"32:24","end_time":"32:28","text":"preparing Marxism because it unifies"},{"index":887,"timestamp":"1948","end_timestamp":"1950","time":"32:28","end_time":"32:30","text":"theory and practice by means of"},{"index":888,"timestamp":"1950","end_timestamp":"1952","time":"32:30","end_time":"32:32","text":"organization therefore the The international and"},{"index":889,"timestamp":"1952","end_timestamp":"1954","time":"32:32","end_time":"32:34","text":"its sections help to answer"},{"index":890,"timestamp":"1954","end_timestamp":"1956","time":"32:34","end_time":"32:36","text":"methodically the questions that arise for"},{"index":891,"timestamp":"1956","end_timestamp":"1958","time":"32:36","end_time":"32:38","text":"workers, including on Marxism"},{"index":892,"timestamp":"1958","end_timestamp":"1960","time":"32:38","end_time":"32:40","text":"itself, it therefore allows the"},{"index":893,"timestamp":"1960","end_timestamp":"1962","time":"32:40","end_time":"32:42","text":"discussion to be organized for concrete action every"},{"index":894,"timestamp":"1962","end_timestamp":"1965","time":"32:42","end_time":"32:45","text":"week to encourage workers and"},{"index":895,"timestamp":"1965","end_timestamp":"1967","time":"32:45","end_time":"32:47","text":"youth to overcome the"},{"index":896,"timestamp":"1967","end_timestamp":"1969","time":"32:47","end_time":"32:49","text":"political obstacles that we face"},{"index":897,"timestamp":"1969","end_timestamp":"1972","time":"32:49","end_time":"32:52","text":"in the class struggle to act and"},{"index":898,"timestamp":"1972","end_timestamp":"1973","time":"32:52","end_time":"32:53","text":"influence"},{"index":899,"timestamp":"1973","end_timestamp":"1976","time":"32:53","end_time":"32:56","text":"events, thank you"},{"index":900,"timestamp":"1985","end_timestamp":"1993","time":"33:05","end_time":"33:13","text":"[Applause]"}]
